Table 3.
Mortality of COPD Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 According to Demographic Data and Antecedents
| Values are Indicated as the Number (Percentage) or Median (Interquartile Range) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Overall (n=746) | Survivors (n=460) | Deceased (n=286) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P value |
| Age (years) | 77 (71–84) | 75 (66–82) | 79 (74–86) | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) | <0.001 |
| Men | 612 (82.2) | 365 (79.4) | 247 (86.7) | 1.69 (1.12–2.55) | 0.012 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| FEV1 | |||||
| <30 | 21 (5.8) | 11 (4.9) | 10 (7.3) | 1.74 (0.58–5.26) | 0.33 |
| 30–49 | 84 (23.1) | 52 (22.9) | 32 (23.4) | 1.18 (0.52–2.69) | 0.70 |
| 50–79 | 224 (61.5) | 141 (62.1) | 83 (60.6) | 1.13 (0.53–2.39) | 0.75 |
| ≥80 | 35 (9.6) | 23 (10.1) | 12 (8.8) | Ref. (1) | - |
| FEV1 <50 | 105 (28.8) | 63 (27.8) | 42 (30.7) | 1 (ref.) | - |
| FEV1 >50 | 259 (71.2) | 164 (72.2) | 95 (69.3) | 0.87 (0.55–1.38) | 0.55 |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 107 (14.8) | 59 (13.3) | 48 (17.0) | 1 (ref.) | - |
| Former | 514 (70.7) | 316 (71.0) | 198 (70.2) | 0.77 (0.51–1.17) | 0.22 |
| Current | 106 (14.6) | 70 (15.7) | 36 (12.8) | 0.63 (0.36–1.1) | 0.12 |
| Obesity (BMI>30) | 122 (32.1) | 73 (30.7) | 49 (34.5) | 1.19 (0.77–1.85) | 0.44 |
| Hypertension | 513 (69.1) | 298 (65.0) | 215 (75.7) | 1.67 (1.2–2.3) | 0.002 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 396 (53.4) | 239 (52.2) | 157 (55.3) | 1.13 (0.84–1.52) | 0.41 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 191 (25.8) | 119 (26.1) | 72 (25.4) | 0.96 (0.69–1.35) | 0.82 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 175 (23.6) | 103 (22.5) | 72 (25.4) | 1.18 (0.83–1.66) | 0.36 |
| Myocardial infarction | 98 (13.2) | 52 (11.3) | 46 (16.1) | 1.51 (0.98–2.32) | 0.059 |
| Heart failure | 132 (17.8) | 58 (12.7) | 74 (26.1) | 2.43 (1.65–3.56) | < 0.001 |
| Transient ischemic attack | 90 (12.2) | 48 (10.5) | 42 (15.1) | 1.52 (0.97–2.37) | 0.066 |
| Dementia | 79 (10.6) | 36 (7.8) | 43 (15.0) | 2.08 (1.3–3.33) | 0.002 |
| Neurodegenerative disease | 71 (9.5) | 34 (7.4) | 37 (12.9) | 1.85 (1.13–3.03) | 0.014 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 89 (12.0) | 51 (11.1) | 38 (13.4) | 1.24 (0.79–1.94) | 0.35 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 82 (11.0) | 41 (8.9) | 41 (14.4) | 1.71 (1.08–2.72) | 0.022 |
| Cancer | 105 (14.1) | 60 (13.1) | 45 (15.8) | 1.25 (0.82–1.89) | 0.30 |
| Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome | 130 (17.6) | 83 (18.1) | 47 (16.9) | 0.92 (0.62–1.34) | 0.66 |
| Dependency status | |||||
| Independent | 559 (76.2) | 377 (82.7) | 182 (65.5) | 1 (ref.) | - |
| Moderate dependency | 128 (17.4) | 61 (13.4) | 67 (24.1) | 2.28 (1.54–3.36) | < 0.001 |
| Severe dependency | 47 (6.4) | 18 (4.0) | 29 (10.4) | 3.34 (1.81–6.17) | < 0.001 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 3 (2–5) | 1.17 (1.09–1.26) | < 0.001 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, age corrected | 6 (4–8) | 5 (4–7) | 6 (5–9) | 1.23 (1.15–1.32) | < 0.001 |
| Habitual treatment | |||||
| Immunosuppressants | 27 (3.6) | 19 (4.1) | 8 (2.8) | 0.68 (0.29–1.56) | 0.36 |
| Systemic corticosteroids | 55 (7.4) | 27 (5.9) | 28 (9.9) | 1.75 (1.01–3.04) | 0.046 |
| Inhaled corticosteroids | 348 (47.2) | 216 (47.2) | 132 (47.1) | 1 (0.74–1.35) | 0.996 |
| Antivitamin K | 101 (13.6) | 48 (10.5) | 53 (18.7) | 1.94 (1.27–2.98) | 0.002 |
| Antiplatelet Drugs | 198 (26.9) | 105 (23.0) | 93 (33.2) | 1.67 (1.20–2.32) | 0.002 |
| Statins | 374 (50.6) | 237 (51.8) | 137 (48.8) | 0.89 (0.66–1.19) | 0.43 |
| ACE In | 167 (22.6) | 101 (22.1) | 66 (23.5) | 1.09 (0.76–1.54) | 0.65 |
| Angiotensin-renin blockers | 185 (25) | 107 (23.3) | 78 (27.7) | 1.26 (0.90–1.77) | 0.19 |