Table 1.
Patient Characteristics According to Preoperative Ultrasound.
| Thrombosis | No thrombosis | Overall | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 140 | 1314 | 1454 | |
| Age | 72.42 ± 13.57 | 60.98 ± 19.38 | 62.09 ± 19.19 | <0.001 |
| Gender | ||||
| Female (%) | 98(70.00) | 694(52.82) | 792 | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 42(30.00) | 620(47.18) | 662 | |
| Unilateral or bilateral | ||||
| Left fracture right thrombosis (%) | 22(15.71) | – | 22 | |
| Right fracture left thrombosis (%) | 34(24.29) | – | 34 | |
| Left fracture bilateral thrombosis (%) | 50(35.71) | – | 50 | |
| Right fracture bilateral thrombosis (%) | 34(24.29) | – | 34 | |
| Only affected limb thrombosis (%) | – | 333(25.34) | 333 | |
| No lower extremities thrombosis (%) | – | 981(74.66) | 981 | |
| Types of fracture | ||||
| Above the knee (%) | 109(77.86) | 812(61.80) | 921 | 0.001 |
| Around the knee (%) | 14(10.00) | 264(20.09) | 278 | |
| Below the knee (%) | 17(12.14) | 238(18.11) | 255 | |
| Types of thrombosis | ||||
| Central (%) | 1(0.71) | 8(2.40) | 9 | <0.001 |
| Peripheral (%) | 131(93.58) | 289(86.79) | 420 | |
| Mixed (%) | 8(5.71) | 36(10.81) | 44 | |
| Medical morbidity | ||||
| Hypertension (%) | 46 (32.86) | 288 (21.91) | 334 | 0.003 |
| Diabetes (%) | 18 (12.86) | 106 (8.07) | 124 | 0.054 |
| Coronary heart disease (%) | 46 (32.86) | 286 (21.76) | 332 | 0.003 |
| Arrhythmia (%) | 19 (13.57) | 142 (10.81) | 161 | 0.322 |
| Stroke (%) | 12 (8.57) | 76 (5.78) | 88 | 0.189 |
| Associated trauma (%) | 14 (10.00) | 167 (12.71) | 181 | 0.356 |
| BMI | 21.15 ± 7.64 | 22.41 ± 5.31 | 22.28 ± 5.58 | 0.331 |
| Days between fracture and hospitalization (days) | 0.00[0.00, 12.00] | 0.00[0.00, 13.00] | 0.00[0.00, 13.00] | 0.087 |
| Days between fracture and operation (days) | 5.00[0.00, 14.00] | 5.00[0.00, 15.00] | 5.00[0.00, 15.00] | 0.256 |
| ASA classification | ||||
| 1 (%) | 10(7.14) | 245(18.65) | 255 | 0.005 |
| 2 (%) | 88(62.86) | 766(58.30) | 854 | |
| 3 (%) | 41(29.29) | 299(22.75) | 340 | |
| 4 (%) | 1(0.71) | 4(0.30) | 5 | |
| Serum markers | ||||
| D-Dimer at admission (mg/L) | 9.48[0.60, 86.96] | 5.47[0.20, 247.32] | 5.73[0.20, 247.32] | 0.147 |
| D-Dimer at preoperation (mg/L) | 4.44[0.70, 45.50] | 3.24 [0.30, 74.18] | 3.46[0.30, 74.18] | 0.263 |
| CRP at admission (mg/L) | 5.39[0.04, 137.53] | 5.76[0.00, 209.60] | 5.72[0.00, 209.60] | 0.597 |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CRP, C-reactive protein; BMI, Body Mass Index.