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. 2020 Dec 29;11:610052. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.610052

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Copyright © 2020 Feldeverd, Porter, Yuen, Iwai, Carrillo, Smith, Barela, Wong, Wang, Kang, Matsumoto and Christopher.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Analysis of the effects of PDI9 and heat stress on pollen and exine morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Each micrograph is a representative pollen grain from control (columns 1 and 3) and heat stressed (columns 2 and 4) plants. The pdi9-1 and pdi9-2 are two independent mutant lines (Figure 1A). WT row (A), pdi9-1 row (B), pdi9-2 row (C), pdi10-1 row (D), the transheterozygote mutant (pdi9-1/pdi9-2) row (E), the pdi9-1 pdi10-1 DM row (F), and the OE row (G) pollen grains were observed at either 4,000X (left half) or 11,000X (right half) magnification. The scale bar of 10 μm panel (G2) applies to all of the images in the left half, whereas the scale bar of 5 μm panel (G4) applies to the images in the right half.