Table 3.
Differentiating coronavirus disease 2019 from other infections based on the chest computed tomography pattern
| 
COVID-19
 | 
Other viral pneumonias
 | 
Bacterial/mycoplasma and chlamydial pneumonias
 | 
| Early stage: Peripheral pure GGO | Interstitial inflammation | Bronchial pneumonia, lobar pneumonia | 
| Progressive stage: Peripheral multiple GGOs, consolidation, crazy-paving pattern, peripheral vascular “tree-in-bud” pattern | Hyperdense reticular patterns or multiple high-density fibrous streaks | Bronchial wall thickening | 
| Advanced stage: Extensive exudative lesions, lung “whiteout”, fibrosis | Localized pulmonary edema and/or atelectasis | Centrilobular nodules | 
| Multiple consolidations | ||
| Air bronchogram | ||
| Tree-in-bud sign | ||
| Pleural effusion | 
COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; GGOs: Ground glass opacities.