Table 1.

Incidence, clinical presentation, and outcome in dialysis patients with COVID-19 [15–33]

Author	Patients	Incidence, %	Symptoms	Diagnosis	Admission, %	ICU, %	Mortality, %
Ma et al. [15]	42 (230) HD	18.3	Mild or no respiratory. Fever (13%)	CT scan, RT-PCR		7.1	23.8
Xiong et al. [16]	154 (7,154)	2.2	Fever (52%), cough (37%), asymptomatic (21%)	CT scan, RT-PCR		27.5	31.3
Corbett et al. [17]	300 (1,530)	19.6		RT-PCR			20.3
Kikuchi et al. [18]	99 (339.841)	0.03	Fever (95%), cough (63.5%)	X-ray or CT scan, RT-PCR			16.2
La Milia et al. [19]	25 (209)	12	33/188 (18%) asymptomatic patients. PCR positive	RT-PCR	100a		52
Alberici et al. [21]	94 (643)	15	All patients tested. 18/94 (20%) asymptomatic	RT-PCR	61		29 (42 in hospitalized patients)
Goicoechea et al. [23]	36 (282)	12.8	Fever (67%), cough (44%), diarrhoea (17%)	RT-PCR	100a	2.8	30.5
Yau et al. [29]	11 (237)	4.6	All patients tested. 6/11 (55%) asymptomatic. Fever (9%), cough (27%)	RT-PCR	45	18	0
Wang et al. [31]	5 (201)	2.5	Diarrhoea (80%), fever (60%), cough (40%)	CT scan, RT-PCR	100a	0	0
Quintaliani et al. [20]	1,368 (60.441)	2.3		RT-PCR			32.8
Manganaro et al. [22]	130 (5,793)	2.2		RT-PCR	74.6	30	24.6
Valeri et al. [24]	53		Fever (49%), cough (39%), dyspnoea (36%)	RT-CR	100a	14	31
Ng et al. [27]	419				100a	21 (mechanical ventilation)	31
Sachdeva et al. [32]	11 PD		Fever (64%), diarrhoea (55%), dyspnoea (45%)	RT-PCR	100a	27	18
Rincon et al. [30]	36 (192) HD	18.8	All patients tested. Asymptomatic (39%)	RT-PCR			19
Keller et al. [25]	123 (1,346)	9.1	Fever (57%), cough (69%), diarrhoea (34%)	RT-PCR or CT	71		24
Tortonese et al. [26]	44		Fever (80%), dyspnoea (30%), diarrhoea (14%), cough (43%)	RT-PCR	93	34	27.3
Creput et al. [33]	38 (200)	19	All patients tested. 11% asymptomatic. Fever (68%), cough (63%)	RT-PCR	58	11	21
Jager et al. [28]	3,285 (3,160 HD, 125 PD)						21

CT, computed tomography; HD, hemodialysis; PD, peritoneal dialysis; RT-PCR; real-time polymerase chain reaction; ICU, intensive care unit.

^aCohort based on hospitalized patients.