Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants
| Neuropathies | Nephropathies | Ophthalmic complications | Macrovascular complications | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n = 218) | Controls (n = 382) | P value | Cases (n = 517) | Controls (n = 84) | P value | Cases (n = 203) | Controls (n = 398) | P value | Cases (n = 333) | Controls (n = 226) | P-value | |
| Mean age, years ± SD | 55.28 ± 10.24 | 57.72 ± 10.13 | 4.61E−03 | 56.59 ± 10.25 | 58.57 ± 10.02 | 1.02E−01 | 54.38 ± 10.65 | 58.10 ± 9.80 | 6.59E−05 | 56.36 ± 9.88 | 56.52 ± 10.63 | 7.58E−01 |
| Female/male, n (%) | 120/98 (55.05/44.95) | 239/143 (62.57/37.43) | 7.85E−02 | 312/205 (60.35/39.65) | 47/37 (55.92/44.05) | 5.08E−01 | 114/89 (56.16/43.84) | 245/153 (61.56/38.44) | 2.21E−01 | 190/142 (57.23/42.77) | 149/77(65.93/34.07) | 4.80E−02 |
| Mean BMI, kg/m2 ± SD | 33.27 ± 6.29 | 33.09 ± 5.96 | 7.39E−01 | 33.37 ± 6.00 | 32.21 ± 6.50 | 5.18E−02 | 33.23 ± 6.22 | 33.2 ± 6.02 | 8.11E−01 | 33.46 ± 6.13 | 32.79 ± 5.97 | 2.41E−01 |
| Median HbA1c, % (IQR) | 7.20 (1.70) | 6.90 (1.39) | 3.93E−05 | 7.10 (1.54) | 7.00 (1.83) | 4.15E−01 | 7.30 (1.95) | 6.91 (1.35) | 1.55E−05 | 7.10(1.85) | 6.90(1.15) | 3.08E−05 |
| Diabetes duration, years ± SD | 6.72 ± 6.09 | 6.30 ± 4.50 | 4.07E−01 | 7.05 ± 6.32 | 4.79 ± 5.31 | 3.29E−05 | 5.95 ± 5.53 | 6.29 ± 4.45 | 1.21E−02 | 5.40 ± 6.09 | 5.74 ± 4.97 | 5.88E-03 |
SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, HbA1c hemoglobin A1C, IQR interquartile range