Table 4.

Assessment of hypertension-mediated organ damage in PA patients.

Comorbidity	Basic clinical screening	Instrumental and biochemical evaluation
Obstructive sleep apnea	History of snoring, excessive daytime sleepines, nocturnal cough, headach, etc.	Validated questionnaires (i.e. STOP-Bang and NoSAS); home sleep apnea testing (HSAT); attended full overnight polysomnography (PSG)
Atrial fibrillation	History of palpitations, arrhythmias, dyspnea.	12-lead ECG, Holter monitoring, Echocardiography
Cardiac remodeling, left ventricular hypertrophy	Hystory of chest pain, shortness of breath, oedema, myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, syncope, heart failure.	12-lead ECG, Echocardiography
Metabolic disease	Hystory of non type 1 diabetes, insuline-resistance	Fasting blood glucose and glycated HbA1c
Renal function and chronic kidney disease	History of polyuria, nocturia, haematuria, urinary tract infections.	Urinary albumin excretion (UAE), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)