Highlights	Class of Recommendation	Level of Evidence
•Some specific conditions should alert for PA, such as severe and/or resistant hypertension.	II	B
•The diagnosis of PA requires demonstration of low or undetectable renin levels and PAC that are inappropriate by high for salt and volume status.	II	A
•The measurement of DRC is a valuable alternative to PRA for assessing low renin in PA patients.	II	A
•PAC values are pulsatile. They can occasionally be only borderline-elevated in PA, particularly in patients of African ancestry and in the elderly.	I	B
•The measurement of serum Na+ and K+ in 24-h urine is fundamental for a proper interpretation of PAC, renin, and ARR values.	II	B