Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants.
| Preclinical group | Control group | t | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.41 ± 9.28 | 63.04 ± 6.96 | −0.28 | 0.78 |
| Diabetic duration (years) | 7.79 ± 4.14 | — | — | — |
| Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 136.35 ± 13.46 | 132.65 ± 15.33 | 0.96 | 0.34 |
| Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 82.79 ± 7.51 | 80.22 ± 9.66 | 1.13 | 0.26 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.42 ± 1.06 | 5.45 ± 0.70 | 7.82 | ＜0.01∗ |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.66 ± 1.24 | 2.39 ± 1.38 | 6.45 | ＜0.01∗ |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.72 ± 0.52 | 1.08 ± 0.42 | 4.93 | ＜0.01∗ |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.64 ± 0.40 | 1.37 ± 0.43 | 2.36 | 0.02 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.73 ± 0.62 | 2.27 ± 0.94 | 2.06 | 0.047 |
| LogMAR BCVA | 0.10 ± 0.15 | 0.11 ± 0.10 | −2.50 | 0.80 |
| IOP (NCT) (mmHg) | 14.02 ± 2.42 | 13.38 ± 1.60 | 1.06 | 0.30 |
HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein; BCVA: best-corrected visual acuity; IOP: intraocular pressure; ∗ indicates P < 0.01, with statistics learn meaning.