Fig. 1 Physiomimetic approach for developing targeted therapies for adenomyosis.

. Hypotheses regarding different mechanisms of disease that may be operative in patient subgroups are tested with tissue and fluid samples from a large patient population containing the subgroups (1); analysis of tissue and fluid samples to refine hypotheses about mechanism (2a and 3) are performed in tandem with development of cell banks and construction of patient avatars (2b). Mechanistic hypothesis about patient subgroups and interventions can then be tested in patient avatars representing the subgroups to define stratified clinical trials, or inform more judicious use of existing therapies.