TABLE 2.
Sedation Parameters and Sedative Agents
| Parameter | IV Before Isoflurane (260 d) | Isoflurane (506 d) | IV After Isoflurane (204 d) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sedative agents | ||||
| Isoflurane | ||||
| No. of days (%) | 506 (100%) | |||
| Infusion rate, mL/hr | 12.5 ± 4.4 | |||
| End tidal, % | 1.2 ± 0.4 | |||
| Propofol | ||||
| No. of days (%) | 218 (83.8%) | 169 (82.8%) | 0.802 | |
| Dose, mg/kg/hr | 3.97 ± 1.42 | 3.76 ± 1.59 | 0.626 | |
| Midazolam | ||||
| No. of days (%) | 81 (31.1%) | 20 (4.0%)a,b | 58 (28.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Dose, mg/kg/hr | 0.08 ± 0.05 | 0.05 ± 0.04a | 0.06 ± 0.03a | < 0.001 |
| Bispectral index | 42 ± 8 | 43 ± 9 | < 0.001 | |
| Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, No. of days (%) | 0.128 | |||
| –5 | 224 (86.2%) | 474 (94.4%) | 174 (85.3%) | |
| –4 | 28 (10.8%) | 28 (5.6%) | 20 (9.8%) | |
| –3 | 4 (1.5%) | 0 | 5 (2.5%) | |
| –2 | 1 (0.4%) | 0 | 4 (2%) | |
| Opioids, No. of days (%) | 250 (96.2%) | 464 (91.7%)a | 194 (95.1%) | 0.036 |
| Fentanyl | ||||
| Dose, µg/kg/hr | 1.63 ± 0.54 | 1.41 ± 0.57a,b | 1.78 ± 0.96 | < 0.001 |
| Remifentanyl | ||||
| Dose, µg/kg/min | 0.14 ± 0.07 | 0.07 ± 0.04a,b | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.005 |
| Neuromuscular blocking agents, No. of days (%) | 236 (90.8%) | 459 (90.7%)b | 172 (84.3%)a | 0.011 |
| Cisatracurium | ||||
| Dose, mg/kg/h | 0.18 ± 0.06 | 0.18 ± 0.08a | 0.23 ± 0.04a | 0.003 |
| Rocuronium | ||||
| Dose, mg/kg/hr | 0.69 ± 0.26 | 0.71 ± 0.31b | 0.79 ± 0.36a | < 0.001 |
ap < 0.05 vs IV before isoflurane.
bp < 0.05 vs IV after isoflurane.
Data are expressed as mean ± sd or absolute (relative, % of the step) frequency.