Table 2.

Comparison between the proposed UANS with other processes.

Process	Feedstock	Acid solution	Reaction time, min	Temperature, °C	Nitrogen content, %	Substitution degree	Ref.
Mechanical Stirring	Miscanthus cellulose	54.6% of concentrated H2SO4 + 37% of concentrated HNO3 + 6.4% of H2O	40	95	11.9	2.20	[13]
Fermentation*	Bacterial cellulose	75% of concentrated H2SO4 + 25% of concentrated HNO3	30	80	13.7	2.85	[14]
Mechanical Stirring	Alfa grass fibers	72% of concentrated H2SO4 + 28% of concentrated HNO3	35	40	12.5	2.43	[37]
UANS	Microcrystalline cellulose	54.6% of concentrated H2SO4 + 37.0% of concentrated HNO3 + 6.4% of H2O	30	30	12.5	2.45	This work

^*Physical properties and explosive performance were not similar to conventional product.