Table 7.
Reproductive Factors and Endogenous Sex Hormone Exposures in Female USPHSR Subjects According to WHO Group 1 Classification
| Exposure | All Female Patients | IPAH | FPAH | APAHa | P Valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 390 | 162 | 18 | 210 | |
| Ever been pregnant | 314 (81.1) | 128 (80) | 13 (72.2) | 173 (82.8) | .50 |
| Pregnancies | 2.3 ± 1.8 | 2.4 ± 1.9 | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 2.3 ± 1.7 | .86 |
| Pregnant within 6 mo of diagnosis of PAH | 6 (1.9) | 4 (3.1) | 0 | 2 (1.2) | .23 |
| Ever had miscarriage | 115 (36.7) | 56 (43.8) | 1 (7.7) | 58 (33.7) | .04 |
| Ever had abortion | 58 (18.5) | 21 (16.4) | 4 (30.8) | 33 (19.2) | .54 |
| Ever had premature birth | 71 (22.7) | 33 (25.8) | 1 (7.7) | 37 (21.5) | .39 |
| Ever had stillbirth | 13 (4.2) | 4 (3.1) | 1 (7.7) | 8 (4.7) | .50 |
| Ever breastfed children | 158 (50.3) | 69 (53.9) | 10 (76.9) | 79 (45.7) | .16 |
| No. of children breastfedc | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 0 (0, 2) | .11 |
| Cumulative time breastfeeding, moc | 10 (4, 19.5) | 12 (4, 23) | 8 (3.5, 17.5) | 10 (4, 17) | .42 |
| Menarche age, y | 12.5 ± 1.6 | 12.5 ± 1.7 | 11.8 ± 1.2 | 12.6 ± 1.5 | .13 |
| Completed natural menopause | 172 (44.2) | 57 (35.2) | 3 (16.7) | 112 (53.6) | < .0001 |
| Menopause age, y | 46.5 ± 7.3 | 45.9 ± 7.5 | 50.7 ± 3.2 | 46.6 ± 7.4 | .64 |
| Oophorectomy | 84 (21.6) | 38 (23.5) | 0 | 46 (22) | .74 |
| Age at removal, y | 42.2 ± 7.8 | 41.1 ± 7.5 | ... | 43.4 ± 8.1 | |
| Bilateral removal | 66 (78.6) | 32 (84.2) | ... | 34 (73.9) |
Data are presented as No. (%) or mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. See Table 1, Table 2 and 2 legends for expansion of other abbreviations.
a
PVOD/PCH not included given low number of subjects (n = 2).
b
The P value was obtained from the χ2 or Wilcoxon rank sum examining the difference in the distribution of the characteristic among patients diagnosed with IPAH vs all patients with APAH.
c
Values are depicted as median (IQR).