Table 2.

Distribution of “used animals” in USDA “Pain Categories” C, D, and E: 2017–2018.

	AWA-covered animals reported	Rats and mice estimated
Category C “No pain no drugs”	471,037	67 million
Category D “With pain, with drugs”	253,002	36 million
Category E “With pain, with drugs”	56,031	8 million
Total C + D + E	780,070	111 million

AWA-covered animals and percentages from USDA’s summarized nationwide AWA statistics. Estimate of approximate numbers of RM used in each category if their pain categories are the same as AWA-covered animals, based on data that RM are approximately 99.3% of all mammals used in US laboratories. Category descriptors of pain and drug use are those used by the USDA.