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. 2021 Jan 12;11:716. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80572-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Adjusted odds ratio (OR) for new-onset diabetes mellitus (model 3). Among non-diabetic participants aged 40–74 years (n = 167,684), adjusted ORs (95% confidential intervals) for new-onset diabetes mellitus in the 3-year follow-up were calculated for exercise to sweat lightly (●), walking > 1 h/day (■), and fast walking (▲). Model 3: adjusted for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), current smoking, drinking, weight gain over 10 kg from 20 years of age, weight change of 3 kg within 1 year, exercise to sweat lightly, walking > 1 h/day and fast walking.