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. 2020 Jun 22;22(1):24–56. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00663

Table 2. Overview of Various Thiolated Chitosans Displaying Biocompatibility within the Listed Studies.

derivative utilized cytotoxicity tests references
(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine chitosan–thioglycolic acid cell assay MTT assay on Calu-3 and A549 cells (67)
 
chitosan–4-thiobutylamidine cell assays viability assay on human dermal fibroblasts utilizing Presto Blue (72)
cell count and morphology investigation of human dermal fibroblasts after staining with Hoechst and phalloidin conjugated to Alexa Fluor 488 dye (72)
effect of polymer gel formulations on ciliary beat frequency of human nasal epithelial cells (188)
Alamar Blue assay with human skin fibroblasts using hydrogel formulations (173)
direct contact assay on HeLa, Caco-2/TC7, and HT-29/MTX cells (189)
red blood cell lysis test (190)
BrdU-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on L-929 mouse fibroblast cells (190)
MTT assay on L-929 mouse fibroblast cell (190)
in rats polymer hydrogel injected into the spinal cord of male Wistar rats (72)
 
chitosan–cysteine cell assays cell counting kit-8 assay on HaCaT and MCF-7 cells (191)
MTT assay on human stomach carcinoma epithelial cells (192)
MTT assay on human osteosarcoma and HEK 293 T cells (25)
live/dead assay on human osteosarcoma, HEK 293 T and MCF-7 cells (25, 191)
in humans nanofiber mats were applied on buccal mucosa (128)
 
chitosan–lauric acid–thioglycolic acid cell assay MTT assay on human gingiva cells (69)
 
chitosan–mercaptoundecanoic acid cell assays MTT assay on human osteosarcoma and HEK 293 T cells (25, 50)
live/dead assay on human osteosarcoma and HEK 293 T cells (25, 50)
 
chitosan–N-acetylcysteine cell assay LDH assay on human conjunctival cells (193)
in rabbits polymer microspheres investigated in eyes of albino New Zealand rabbits (145)
eye drops applied in albino New Zealand rabbits (194)
in humans clinical investigations using eye drops (181184, 186, 195)
 
chitosan–thioglycolic acid cell assays MTT assay on bone-marrow-derived macrophages (78)
MTT assay on human corneal epithelium cells (161)
in rats Draize skin irritation method with microneedle patches (196)
 
glycol chitosan–glutathione cell assay MTT assay on CaCo-2 cells (86)
 
glycol chitosan–N-acetylcysteine cell assay MTT assay on CaCo-2 cells (55, 86)
 
hexanoyl glycol chitosan–mercaptopropionic acid cell assays MTT assay on HeLa cells and human lung fibroblasts (49)
direct contact test with human conjunctiva epithelial cells (49)
live/dead assay with human conjunctiva epithelial cell aggregates (49)
 
N-carboxylated trimethyl chitosan–reduced cystamine cell assays LDH and XTT assay on Calu-3 cells (24)
XTT assay on H1299 cells (23)
 
S-protected chitosan–EDTA–cysteine cell assay Resazurin assay on CaCo-2 cells (85)
 
S-protected chitosan–N-acetylcysteine cell assay Resazurin assay on bladder mucosa (95)
 
S-protected glycol chitosan–glutathione cell assay MTT assay on CaCo-2 cells (86)
 
S-protected glycol chitosan–N-acetylcysteine cell assay MTT assay on CaCo-2 cells (86)
 
trimethyl-chitosan–cysteine cell assay XTT assay on HEK293T and MCF-7 as well as SKOV-3 cells (36)
 
trimethyl chitosan–N-acetylcysteine cell assay MTT assay on HeLa cells (57)