Table 2.
Results of linear regression models explaining ANT –attitude scores in the total sample, clozapine and non-clozapine groups
| Model a | Model b | Model c | Model d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total sample | Beta | Beta | Beta | Beta |
| Age | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Sex (male) | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.06 |
| Chlorpromazine equivalent | 0.16* | 0.18* | 0.15* | 0.17* |
| ANT-insight | 0.14* | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.15* |
| ANT-side effects | 0.30*** | 0.28*** | 0.28*** | 0.27*** |
| ANT-adherence | 0.17** | 0.17** | 0.17* | 0.15* |
| BPRS_total | −0.27*** | |||
| BPRS_positive symptoms | − 0.25*** | |||
| HoNOS_total | −0.20** | |||
| HoNOS_behaviour | −0.06 | |||
| HoNOS_impairment | 0.02 | |||
| HoNOS_symptoms | −0.19* | |||
| HoNOS_social | −0.10 | |||
| ADL | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.09 |
| IADL | −0.03 | −0.06 | −0.05 | − 0.07 |
| social functioning | −0.04 | − 0.03 | −0.07 | − 0.06 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
| p for the model | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Non-clozapine group | ||||
| Age | −0.07 | −0.06 | −0.07 | − 0.07 |
| Sex (male) | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 |
| Chlorpromazine equivalent | 0.19* | 0.21** | 0.18* | 0.21* |
| ANT-insight | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.19* | 0.24* |
| ANT-side effects | 0.27** | 0.27** | 0.24** | 0.22* |
| ANT-adherence | 0.24** | 0.23** | 0.22* | 0.21 |
| BPRS_total | −0.19* | |||
| BPRS_positive symptoms | −0.24** | |||
| HoNOS_total | −0.20* | |||
| HoNOS_behaviour | −0.09 | |||
| HoNOS_impairment | −0.03 | |||
| HoNOS_symptoms | −0.23* | |||
| HoNOS_social | −0.06 | |||
| ADL | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.22* | 0.19* |
| IADL | −0.03 | −0.03 | −0.08 | − 0.09 |
| Social functioning | −0.11 | − 0.12 | −0.15 | − 0.12 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.22 |
| p for the model | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Clozapine group | ||||
| Age | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.14 |
| Sex (male) | −0.07 | −0.09 | −0.07 | − 0.10 |
| Chlorpromazine equivalent | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.09 |
| ANT-insight | 0.22 | 0.08 | 0.14 | 0.11 |
| ANT-side effects | 0.35** | 0.30** | 0.37** | 0.35** |
| ANT-adherence | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.10 |
| BPRS_total | −0.41*** | |||
| BPRS_positive symptoms | −0.26* | |||
| HoNOS_total | −0.26* | |||
| HoNOS_behaviour | −0.05 | |||
| HoNOS_impairment | 0.11 | |||
| HoNOS_symptoms | −0.09 | |||
| HoNOS_social | −0.29* | |||
| ADL | −0.08 | −0.02 | − 0.07 | −0.05 |
| IADL | −0.04 | −0.12 | − 0.06 | −0.09 |
| Social functioning | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.08 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.13 |
| p for the model | < 0.001 | 0.015 | 0.007 | 0.022 |
* p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001
In the presentation of categorical variables: a positive estimate indicates a more positive attitude in women; a positive estimate indicates a more positive attitudes in the group with adherence level over 75%. High score in ANT -insight and -side effect indicates positive attitudes toward medication, better sickness awareness and less experienced side effects. All models adjusted by age, gender, daily antipsychotic dose, ANT-insight, ANT-adherence and ANT-adverse effects