Table 3.
Univariate associations with any substance use disorder by treatment setting
| Variable | MH | PHC | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COR (95% CI) | p-value | COR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age in years | 0.98 (0.96, 0.99) | 0.040 | 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) | 0.019 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Male | 8.00 (4.51, 14.18) | < 0.001 | 6.25 (2.79, 13.99) | < 0.001 |
| Formal education | ||||
| Primary or less | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Secondary | 1.15 (0.62, 2.15) | 0.663 | 2.04 (0.93, 4.47) | 0.077 |
| Post-secondary | 0.66 (0.33, 1.34) | 0.247 | 1.33 (0.37, 4.75) | 0.666 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single/divorced/separated/widowed | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Married | 0.45 (0.26, 0.78) | 0.004 | 1.26 (0.50, 3.15) | 0.627 |
| Employment status | ||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 1.13 (0.63, 2.04) | 0.674 | 1.73 (0.65, 4.62) | 0.273 |
| In debt | ||||
| No/Little | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| High | 1.24 (0.71, 2.17) | 0.443 | 0.82 (0.35, 1.92) | 0.640 |
| Social support | ||||
| Poor | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Moderate | 0.72 (0.39, 1.35) | 0.310 | 2.42 (0.71, 8.19) | 0.156 |
| Strong | 0.36 (0.17, 0.76) | 0.008 | 1.64 (0.38, 7.02) | 0.589 |
| Chronic conditions | ||||
| None | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| 1–2 | 0.78 (0.43, 1.41) | 0.416 | 1.43 (0.63, 3.25) | 0.393 |
| 3 or more | 0.87 (0.46, 1.85) | 0.676 | 1.95 (0.80, 4.77) | 0.143 |
| Major depression and/or generalized anxiety disorder | ||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 1.71 (0.98, 2.99) | 0.058 | 2.10 (0.94, 4.68) | 0.070 |
MH Monk healer setting, PHC Primary Health Care setting, COR Crude odds ratio, CI Confidence Interval