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. 2021 Jan 12;5(1):326–333. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002725

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Current understanding of the mechanism of action of luspatercept. The SMAD-2/3 signaling pathway is the target of activin receptor ligand trap molecules. Members of the TGF-β superfamily ligand binding lead to the multimerization of type 1 and 2 receptors. Upon the activation of the type 1 receptor, phosphorylation of SMAD-2 and SMAD-3 takes place. Luspatercept prevents the binding of the ligand, thus inhibiting this pathway and promoting late-stage erythropoiesis.