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Schematic of tryptophan metabolism. Tryptophan metabolism to kynurenine is catalyzed by indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Additional enzymes downstream produce melatonin, quinolinic acid (Quin), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate.
