Table 4.
Fall detection using individual vision-based devices from 2014 to 2020.
| References | Sensor | No. subjects (age) | Data sets | Algorithms | Real-time | Alarm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Han et al. (2020) | Web camera | N/A | Simulated | CNN | N/A | N/A |
| Kong et al. (2019) | Camera (Surveillance) | N/A | Public (Simulated) | CNN | Y | N/A |
| Ko et al. (2018) | Camera (Smartphone) | N/A | Simulated | Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filtering | N/A | N |
| Shojaei-Hashemi et al. (2018) | Kinect | 40 (10–15) | Public (Simulated) | LSTM | Y | N |
| Min et al. (2018) | Kinect | 4 (N/A), 11 (22–39) | Public (Simulated) | SVM | Y | N |
| Ozcan et al. (2017) | Web camera | 10 (24–31) | Simulated | Relative-entropy-based | N/A | N/A |
| Akagündüz et al. (2017) | Kinect | 10 (N/A) | Public (Simulated) SDU (2011) | Silhouette | N/A | N |
| Adhikari et al. (2017) | Kinect | 5 (19–50) | Simulated | CNN | N/A | N |
| Ozcan and Velipasalar (2016) | Camera (Smartphone) | 10 (24–31) | Simulated | Threshold/ML | N/A | N/A |
| Senouci et al. (2016) | Web Camera | N/A | Simulated | SVM | Y | Y |
| Amini et al. (2016) | Kinect v2 | 11 (24–31) | Simulated | Adaptive Boosting Trigger, Heuristic | Y | N |
| Kumar et al. (2016) | Kinect | 20 (N/A) | Simulated | SVM | N/A | N |
| Aslan et al. (2015) | Kinect | 20 (N/A) | Public (Simulated) | SVM | N/A | N |
| Yun et al. (2015) | Kinect | 12 (N/A) | Simulated | SVM | N/A | N |
| Stone and Skubic (2015) | Kinect | 454 (N/A) | Public (Simulated+Real) | Decision trees | N/A | N |
| Bian et al. (2015) | Kinect | 4 (24–31) | Simulated | SVM | N/A | N |
| Chua et al. (2015) | RGB camera | N/A | Simulated | Human shape variation | Y | N |
| Boulard et al. (2014) | Web camera | N/A | Real | Elliptical bounding box | N/A | N |
| Feng et al. (2014) | Monocular camera | N/A | Simulated | Multi-class SVM | Y | N |
| Mastorakis and Makris (2014) | Infrared sensor (Kinect) | N/A | Simulated | 3D bounding box | Y | N |
| Gasparrini et al. (2014) | Kinect | N/A | Simulated | Depth frame analysis | Y | N |
| Yang and Lin (2014) | Kinect | N/A | Simulated | Silhouette | N/A | N |