Table 4.
Predictors of BPSD worsening, corresponding to an increase in at least one NPI item frequency and/or severity score, after SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
| Predictor | p-value | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline number of BPSD (ref: absence of BPSD) | ||
| 1 | 0.462 | 2.2 (0.3–17.3) |
| > 1 | 0.116 | 5.1 (0.7–38.5) |
| Type of dementia (ref: AD) | ||
| Other | 0.053 | 0.3 (0.1–1.0) |
| Severity of dementia (ref: severe–MMSE ≤10) | ||
| Moderately severe (MMSE 11–14) | 0.362 | 2.3 (0.4–13.8) |
| Moderate (MMSE 15–20) | 0.419 | 0.5 (0.1–2.6) |
| Mild (MMSE >20) | 0.845 | 0.8 (0.2–4.7) |
| Caregiver (ref: spouse–partner) | ||
| Son–daughter | 0.641 | 1.4 (0.4–4.9) |
| Other | 0.734 | 1.3 (0.3–5.7) |
| Caregiver gender (ref: male) | ||
| Female | 0.680 | 0.8 (0.2–2.8) |
| Living arrangement (ref: 0) | ||
| 1 | 0.186 | 0.2 (0.0–2.5) |
| > 1 | 0.390 | 0.3 (0.2–5.1) |
| Visits of family members during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak (ref: yes) | ||
| No | 0.652 | 1.3 (0.4–4.1) |
| Access to outdoor spaces during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak (ref: yes) | ||
| No | 0.796 | 1.2 (0.4–3.6) |
*Covariates (age, sex) did not modify the models results. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BPSD, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia; NPI, Neuropsychiatric Inventory