Table 4.
Comparison of clinical indices among different ACR groups.
| ACR1 (<30 mg/g) | ACR2 (30-300 mg/g) | ACR3 (>300 mg/g) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68.76 ± 14.58 | 71.14 ± 12.04 | 64.38 ± 16.72∗(3 vs. 2) |
| Gender (male/female) | 47/33 | 45/25 | 17/9 |
| Hemoglobin (g/l) | 121.3 ± 20.4# | 108.3 ± 25.6 | 102.2 ± 27.9 |
| Total protein (g/l) | 65.0 ± 7.29# | 60.1 ± 7.05 | 61.7 ± 11.9 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 38.2 ± 4.0# | 34.4 ± 5.0 | 33.0 ± 6.9 |
| Prealbumin (mg/l) | 224.2 ± 70.6 | 227.6 ± 64.3 | 244.8 ± 75.3 |
| Cystatin C (mg/dl) | 4.17 ± 1.13 | 2.87 ± 1.05 | 3.09 ± 1.24 |
| BUN (mmol/l) | 8.46 ± 4.59# | 15.2 ± 8.27 | 15.6 ± 8.8 |
| sCr (μmol/l) | 124.9 ± 109.4# | 247.4 ± 159.3 | 309.9 ± 207.8 |
| FBG (mmol/l) | 5.84 ± 2.33∗ (3 vs. 1) | 5.48 ± 2.26 | 4.83 ± 1.47 |
| Uric acid (μmol/l) | 370.6 ± 132∗ | 425.2 ± 123.5 | 406.1 ± 106.6 |
| RBP (mg/l) | 20.6 ± 31.9# (3 vs. 1) | 43.8 ± 43.3 | 89.3 ± 36.0 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 4.04 ± 0.97∗ (3 vs. 1) | 4.36 ± 1.37 | 4.65 ± 1.63 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.84 ± 1.56 | 1.59 ± 0.85 | 1.55 ± 0.76 |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 2.1 ± 0.64∗ | 2.49 ± 1.01 | 2.63 ± 1.27 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.05 ± 0.3 | 0.97 ± 0.25 | 1.1 ± 0.34 |
| HbA1c (%) | 11.17 ± 30.7 | 6.72 ± 1.06 | 6.66 ± 0.82 |
| IgG (mg/l) | 12.25 ± 3.11 | 10.92 ± 3.90 | 12.56 ± 7.05 |
| IgA (mg/l) | 2.40 ± 1.43 | 3.86 ± 1.23 | 2.68 ± 1.97 |
| IgM (mg/l) | 0.92 ± 0.57 | 1.25 ± 2.06 | 0.97 ± 0.78 |
| Complement C3 (mg/l) | 0.77 ± 0.16 | 0.74 ± 0.19 | 0.71 ± 0.23 |
| Complement C4 (mg/l) | 0.20 ± 0.06∗ (2 vs. 1) | 0.25 ± 0.15 | 0.23 ± 0.11 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 9.26 ± 12.94∗ (2 vs. 1) | 23.73 ± 40.79 | 22.12 ± 40.33 |
| Tryptophan (μmol/l) | 54.30 ± 20.23# (3 vs. 1) | 49.00 ± 23.67 | 43.36 ± 23.73 |
| Kynurenine (μmol/l) | 3.00 ± 1.42# | 4.46 ± 2.45 | 4.50 ± 2.17 |
| IDO | 0.072 ± 0.092∗ | 0.107 ± 0.071 | 0.126 ± 0.075 |
ACR: albuminuria and creatinine ratio; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; sCr: serum creatinine; FBG: fast blood glucose; RBP: retinol-binding protein; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; IgG: immunoglobulin G; IgA: immunoglobulin A; IgM: immunoglobulin M; CRP: C-reactive protein; IDO: indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase. ∗p < 0.05, #p < 0.01.