Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with Parkinson’s disease (N = 175).
| Characteristics | Depression N = 50 |
Non-depression N = 125 |
Total N = 175 |
z/x2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 1.09 | 0.30 | |||
| Male | 29 (58.0) | 83 (66.4) | 112 (64.0) | ||
| Female | 21 (42.0) | 42 (33.6) | 63 (36.0) | ||
| Age | 66.0 ± 9.0 | 65.0 ± 9.4 | 65.3 ± 9.3 | − 0.38 | 0.70 |
| Age of onset | 57.6 ± 11.1 | 56.3 ± 11.6 | 56.7 ± 11.5 | − 0.61 | 0.54 |
| Duration of PD | 8.6 ± 5.5 | 8.8 ± 6.8 | 8.8 ± 6.4 | − 0.09 | 0.93 |
| Education | 0.02 | 0.89 | |||
| Less than high school (< 12) | 21 (42.0) | 54 (43.2) | 75 (42.9) | ||
| More than college (≧12) | 29 (58.0) | 71 (56.8) | 100 (57.1) | ||
| Years of education | 10.5 ± 4.9 | 10.4 ± 4.8 | 10.5 ± 4.8 | − 0.22 | 0.83 |
| Marital Status | 0.42 | 0.52 | |||
| Unmarried | 6 (12.0) | 11 (8.8) | 17 (9.7) | ||
| Married | 44 (88.0) | 114 (91.2) | 158 (90.3) | ||
| Unemployment | 46 (92.0) | 98 (78.4) | 144 (82.3) | 4.53 | 0.03* |
| Comorbid with other diseases | 33 (66.0) | 84 (67.2) | 117 (66.9) | 0.02 | 0.88 |
| Past psychiatric history | 3.87 | 0.05* | |||
| No psychiatric history | 37 (74.0) | 108 (86.4) | 145 (82.9) | ||
| Depressive disorder | 11 (22.0) | 8 (6.4) | 19 (10.9) | ||
| Anxiety disorder | 1 (2.0) | 4 (3.2) | 5 (2.9) | ||
| Insomnia | 1 (2.0) | 7 (5.6) | 8 (4.6) | ||
| Suicide history | 1 (2.0) | 1 (0.8) | 2 (1.1) | 2.91 | 0.23 |
| Family psychiatric history | 1.03 | 0.79 | |||
| No psychiatric history | 48 (96.0) | 119 (95.2) | 167 (95.4) | ||
| Depressive disorder | 1 (2.0) | 4 (3.2) | 5 (2.9) | ||
| Anxiety disorder | 1 (2.0) | 1 (0.8) | 2 (1.1) | ||
| Family suicide history | 1 (2.0) | 4 (3.2) | 5 (2.9) | 0.19 | 0.67 |
| Anxiolytics/Hypnotics use | 24 (48.0) | 27 (21.6) | 51 (29.1) | 12.05 | 0.001* |
| UPDRS scores | 43.6 ± 17.3 | 35.8 ± 13.6 | 37.8 ± 15.0 | − 2.55 | 0.01* |
| H&Y staging | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | − 1.96 | 0.05* |
| BHS | 8.7 ± 5.2 | 5.0 ± 3.8 | 6.1 ± 4.6 | − 4.33 | < 0.001* |
| FSS | 37.2 ± 17.3 | 23.6 ± 15.2 | 27.5 ± 16.9 | − 4.80 | < 0.001* |
| CDRISC | 24.7 ± 9.7 | 32.5 ± 8.8 | 30.3 ± 9.7 | − 4.45 | < 0.001* |
| HAMD | 15.2 ± 5.5 | 4.0 ± 2.6 | 7.2 ± 6.3 | − 10.04 | < 0.001* |
PD Parkinson’s disease, UPDRS Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, BHS Beck Hopelessness Scale, FSS Fatigue Severity Scale, CORISC Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, HAMD Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, H&Y staging Hoehn and Yahr staging, *p < 0.05.