Table 2.
Association between biomarker levels, clinical covariates and outcome for patients with mCRC. Uni- (a) and multivariate (b) cox proportional-hazards regression were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) with 95% Cl and p-values.
| Variable | Overall survival | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | ||||
| Univariate analysis | ||||
| Univariate analysis | HR | 95% Cl | P-value | |
| PRO-C3 | Continuous | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.0001 |
| High (> median) versus low (≤ median) | 2.01 | 1.54–2.64 | < 0.0001 | |
| PRO-C6 | Continuous | 1.02 | 1.00–1.04 | 0.0207 |
| High (> median) versus low (≤ median) | 1.62 | 1.24–2.11 | 0.0004 | |
| C6M | Continuous | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 0.0076 |
| High (> median) versus low (≤ median) | 1.37 | 1.05–1.78 | 0.0200 | |
| C6Mα3 | Continuous | 1.30 | 1.07–1.61 | 0.0180 |
| High (> median) versus low (≤ median) | 1.55 | 1.16–2.07 | 0.0031 | |
| Age, per year increase | Continuous | 1.01 | 1.00–1.03 | 0.0708 |
| Gender | Female versus male | 1.14 | 0.87–1.49 | 0.8421 |
| Number of metastatic sites | > 1 versus 1 | 1.24 | 0.94–1.63 | 0.1186 |
| Liver metastasis | Yes versus no | 1.07 | 0.81–1.14 | 0.6191 |
| Performance status | 1 versus 0 | 1.69 | 1.25–2.28 | 0.0006 |
| ≥ 2 versus 0 | 3.04 | 1.54–6.00 | 0.0014 | |
| Line of treatment | Second or later versus first | 1.11 | 0.85–1.45 | 0.4246 |
| Primary resected versus in situ at baseline | 0.72 | 0.55–0.94 | 0.0155 | |
| CEA | High (> 5 ug/L) versus low (≤ 5 ug/mL) | 1.70 | 1.12–2.53 | 0.0089 |
| LDH | High (> 205 U/L) versus low (≤ 205 U/mL) | 2.13 | 1.59–2.84 | < 0.0001 |
| Platelets | High (> 390 × 109 cells/L) versus low (390 × 109 cells/L)) | 1.70 | 1.15–2.51 | 0.0086 |
| Neutrophils | High (> 5.9 × 109 cells/L) versus low (5.9 × 109 cells/L) | 1.66 | 1.18–2.33 | 0.0037 |
| White blood cells | High (> 8.8 × 109 cells/L) vs. low (≤ 8.8 × 109 cells/L) | 1.74 | 0.43–7.01 | 0.4378 |
| Variables | HR | 95% Cl | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | ||||
| Multivariate analysis | ||||
| Adjusted for PS and primary tumor resected or in situ | ||||
| PRO-C3 (high vs. low) | 1.88 | 1.43–2.48 | < 0.0001 | |
| PRO-C6 (high vs. low) | 1.51 | 1.14–2.00 | 0.0041 | |
| C6M (high vs. low) | 1.33 | 1.01–1.76 | 0.0411 | |
| C6Mα3 (high vs. low) | 1.44 | 1.07–1.94 | 0.0158 | |
| Adjusted for CEA and LDH | ||||
| PRO-C3 (high vs. low) | 1.60 | 1.15–2.22 | 0.0058 | |
| PRO-C6 (high vs. low) | 1.48 | 1.08–2.04 | 0.0162 | |
| C6M (high vs. low) | 1.34 | 0.97–1.86 | 0.0722 | |
| C6Mα3 (high vs. low) | 1.30 | 0.90–1.90 | 0.1664 | |
| Adjusted for platelets and neutrophils | ||||
| PRO-C3 (high vs. low) | 1.96 | 1.44–2.69 | < 0.0001 | |
| PRO-C6 (high vs. low) | 1.74 | 1.28–2.36 | 0.0004 | |
| C6M (high vs. low) | 1.30 | 0.95–1.75 | 0.1057 | |
| C6Mα3 (high vs. low) | 1.56 | 1.11–2.20 | 0.0103 | |
| Adjusted for PS, primary tumor resected or in situ, CEA, LDH, platelets and neutrophils | ||||
| PRO-C3 (high vs. low) | 1.43 | 0.98–2.08 | 0.0623 | |
| PRO-C6 (high vs. low) | 1.71 | 1.18–2.48 | 0.0043 | |
| C6M (high vs. low) | 1.23 | 0.86–1.76 | 0.2481 | |
| C6Mα3 (high vs. low) | 1.11 | 0.71–1.72 | 0.6481 | |
A p-value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant (shown in italics).
PS; performance status. CEA; baseline carcinoembryonic antigen. LDH; baseline lactate dehydrogenase.
Biomarker high/low are based on median.