Fig. 3.

Influences of co-treatment with ATRA and ellagic acid or urolithin A on acetylation levels of H3K9 and H3K14 residues within chromatin surrounding the promoter regions of gp91-phox gene. (A) Typical patterns of PCR. ChIP assay was performed as in “Materials and Methods”. PCR products were subjected to 2% agarose gel electrophoresis and analyzed using a luminescent image analyzer as described [16,17]. (B) Quantitative analysis. Cross-linked chromatins of ATRA-treated, ATRA plus ellagic acid-treated and ATRA plus urolithin A-treated U937 cells were co-precipitated by antibodies specific for acetylated H3K9 and H3K14 residues. PCRs were performed as in “Materials and methods.” Data are indicated as percentages of control values (100%) obtained from ATRA-treated U937 cells and represent the averages of three separate experiments. Error bars indicate standard deviation. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01 compared with the data of ATRA-treated cells.