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. 2021 Jan 13;7:10. doi: 10.1038/s41420-020-00366-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Resealed erythrocytes were infected with mature schizont stage parasites and the parasitemia estimated at different time-points by Giemsa-stained blood smears along with counting of ring- or schizonts-infected erythrocytes. a Light microscopy images of Giemsa-stained blood smears at different time points. Scale bar 2 μm. b Schematic representation of the proposed mechanism of parasite infection in loaded erythrocytes. c Fold-change in parasitemia of each sample after 48 h of infection compared to control at the time of infection. d Evaluation of merozoite invasion after 56 h into erythrocytes loaded with respective recombinant proteins. Invasion observed in untreated erythrocytes was considered as 100%. Invasion was reduced by 60% in rTNT-loaded erythrocytes that was successfully recovered with rIFT. The data represent mean of three independent experiments and error bar shows standard deviation. Statistical significance of difference was calculated using unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).