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. 2021 Jan 13;11:850. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79664-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Suppressive effects of prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES) siRNA in IFN-γ-treated MSCs on the phenotypic change of macrophages from M1 to M2. (a) THP-1 monocytes were stimulated by PMA for 48 h and then incubated with CM from IFN-γ-treated hMSCs transfected with negative control (NC) siRNA or PTGES siRNA. After 48 h, the cells were collected and subjected to western blot analysis of CD163 and CD68. CD163 protein levels were normalized to GAPDH and CD68 levels (n = 5 in each group). The blots are the cropped images from different parts of the same gel. Full-length gel images are provided in the supplementary file. The samples derive from the same experiment and that gels were processed in parallel. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.