Figure 1.

Example pencil beam scanning proton therapy plan with axial, coronal, and sagittal views with corresponding dose–volume histogram. The patient was simulated prone, dose was prescribed via a simultaneous integrated boost with clinical target volume 1 (blue; gross target volume with 2-2.5 cm craniocaudal expansion, laterally to pelvic sidewalls and posteriorly to sacrum) receiving 4000 cGy in 100 cGy/fraction and clinical target volume 2 (red; gross target volume + 1.0 cm isotropic expansion) receiving 4800 cGy in 120 cGy/fraction. Proton planning target volumes were generated based on setup and range uncertainty. Two lateral beams using a multiple-field optimization technique were used. Bladder (yellow), large bowel (brown), small bowel (green), right femoral head (turquoise), and left femoral head (fuschia). (A color version of this figure is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.10.008.)