Table 1.
Characteristics, n (%)a | Cigarette smoking | Tobacco chewing | Tobacco dipping/snuff | Any tobacco use | Dual use | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall prevalence (95% CI) | 21.9 (21.2 to 22.7) | 17.7 (17.0 to 18.4) | 14.2 (13.6 to 14.9) | 44.2 (43.3 to 45.2) | 6.2 (5.7 to 6.6) | |
Age (years) | ||||||
15–19 | 142 (1.3) | 13.9 (9.1 to 20.5) | 8.6 (4.7 to 13.9) | 9.8 (5.8 to 15.6) | 26.0 (19.5 to 34.1) | 3.6 (1.4 to 7.5) |
20–24 | 1162 (10.8) | 20.4 (18.2 to 22.8) | 11.9 (10.1 to 13.8) | 13.0 (11.2 to 15.1) | 37.7 (34.9 to 40.0) | 4.6 (3.5 to 6.0) |
25–29 | 2422 (22.5) | 23.7 (22.1 to 25.5) | 14.6 (13.3 to 16.1) | 14.9 (13.5 to 16.3) | 41.5 (39.4 to 43.5) | 7.4 (6.4 to 8.5) |
30–34 | 2008 (18.7) | 19.7 (18.0 to 21.4) | 17.1 (15.5 to 18.8) | 14.6 (13.1 to 16.2) | 42.9 (40.7 to 45.2) | 5.4 (4.5 to 6.4) |
35–39 | 1935 (18.0) | 28.2 (26.2 to 30.2) | 15.0 (13.5 to 16.7) | 15.3 (13.8 to 17.0) | 48.0 (45.7 to 50.4) | 6.9 (5.9 to 8.1) |
40–44 | 1402 (13.0) | 19.3 (17.3 to 21.4) | 23.5 (21.3 to 25.7) | 13.4 (11.7 to 15.2) | 45.2 (42.5 to 47.9) | 7.0 (5.8 to 8.5) |
45–49 | 1688 (15.7) | 18.9 (17.0 to 20.7) | 25.7 (23.7 to 27.9) | 13.6 (12.0 to 15.3) | 50.7 (48.3 to 53.2) | 4.9 (4.0 to 6.0) |
Ethnicity | ||||||
Pashtun | 4501 (41.8) | 22.8 (21.6 to 24.1) | 11.0 (10.1 to 12.0) | 30.9 (29.6 to 32.3) | 51.1 (49.9 to 53.0) | 9.0 (8.2 to 9.8) |
Tajik | 3438 (32.0) | 22.1 (20.7 to 23.5) | 23.5 (22.1 to 25.0) | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.2) | 41.5 (39.8 to 43.2) | 3.6 (3.0 to 4.3) |
Hazara | 915 (8.5) | 12.4 (10.4 to 14.6) | 26.6 (23.9 to 29.6) | 1.9 (1.1 to 2.9) | 36.4 (33.3 to 39.6) | 2.7 (1.8 to 3.9) |
Uzbek | 1153 (10.7) | 21.6 (19.3 to 24.0) | 17.2 (15.1 to 19.4) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.4) | 30.5 (27.8 to 33.2) | 5.0 (3.8 to 6.3) |
All other ethnicities | 752 (7.0) | 28.1 (24.9 to 31.4) | 20.7 (18.0 to 23.8) | 8.5 (6.6 to 10.6) | 46.8 (43.1 to 50.5) | 6.8 (5.1 to 8.7) |
Region of residence | ||||||
Rural | 8281 (77.0) | 21.4 (20.6 to 22.3) | 19.8 (19.0 to 20.7) | 16.5 (15.7 to 17.3) | 47.0 (45.8 to 48.1) | 7.0 (6.5 to 7.6) |
Urban | 2479 (23.0) | 23.6 (22.0 to 25.3) | 10.6 (9.4 to 11.9) | 6.7 (5.7 to 7.7) | 35.5 (33.6 to 37.5) | 3.3 (2.6 to 4.0) |
Education | ||||||
None | 5447 (50.6) | 23.6 (22.5 to 24.8) | 21.7 (20.6 to 22.8) | 19.5 (18.4 to 20.5) | 52.7 (51.3 to 54.1) | 8.2 (7.5 to 8.9) |
Primary | 1987 (18.5) | 19.4 (17.7 to 21.2) | 17.7 (16.1 to 19.5) | 10.9 (9.6 to 12.3) | 40.8 (38.6 to 43.0) | 4.5 (3.7 to 5.5 |
Secondary | 2632 (24.5) | 23.5 (21.9 to 25.1) | 13.0 (11.8 to 14.3) | 9.2 (8.1 to 10.3) | 38.3 (36.4 to 40.2) | 4.6 (3.8 to 5. |
Higher | 695 (6.5) | 10.1 (8.0 to 12.5) | 3.6 (2.4 to 5.2) | 2.2 (1.4 to 3.6) | 14.3 (11.9 to 17.2) | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.8) |
Wealth | ||||||
Poorest | 2029 (18.9) | 19.3 (17.6 to 21.0) | 34.1 (32.1 to 36.2) | 3.1 (2.4 to 3.9) | 50.1 (47.9 to 52.4) | 4.1 (3.3 to 5.1) |
Poor | 2233 (20.8) | 21.5 (19.9 to 23.3) | 21.9 (20.2 to 23.6) | 17.8 (16.3 to 19.4) | 51.2 (49.0 to 53.3) | 6.8 (5.8 to 7.9) |
Middle | 2160 (20.1) | 21.6 (19.9 to 23.4) | 12.8 (11.4 to 14.2) | 25.2 (23.4 to 27.1) | 45.4 (43.2 to 47.6) | 9.2 (8.0 to 10.4) |
Rich | 2260 (21.0) | 23.5 (21.8 to 25.3) | 13.4 (12.0 to 14.8) | 17.2 (15.6 to 18.8) | 41.9 (39.8 to 44.0) | 7.7 (6.6 to 8.8) |
Richest | 2078 (19.3) | 23.6 (21.8 to 25.5) | 6.9 (5.9 to 8.0) | 6.7 (5.7 to 7.9) | 32.8 (30.7 to 34.8) | 2.7 (2.1 to 3.5) |
Occupation | ||||||
Unemployed | 345 (3.2) | 11.9 (8.7 to 15.6) | 11.6 (8.4 to 15.3) | 13.4 (10.0 to 17.3) | 32.2 (27.5 to 37.7) | 2.7 (1.3 to 4.7) |
Professional | 1255 (11.7) | 19.4 (19.1 to 21.7) | 8.2 (6.8 to 9.8) | 7.5 (6.1 to 9.1) | 28.4 (26.0 to 31.1) | 3.9 (2.9 to 5.1) |
Sales and clerical | 2099 (19.5) | 22.4 (20.6 to 24.2) | 14.6 (13.2 to 16.2) | 11.4 (10.1 to 12.8) | 41.3 (39.3 to 43.5) | 4.5 (3.6 to 5.4) |
Agriculture | 3261 (30.3) | 21.8 (20.4 to 23.3) | 24.6 (23.1 to 26.1) | 18.4 (17.1 to 19.8) | 52.3 (50.5 to 54.1) | 8.4 (7.5 to 9.4) |
Skilled and unskilled | 3800 (35.3) | 23.5 (22.2 to 24.9) | 17.11 (6.0 to 18.4) | 14.5 (13.4 to 15.7) | 45.6 (44.0 to 47.2) | 6.2 (5.5 to 7.0) |
manual labour | ||||||
Media exposure | ||||||
Radio | ||||||
Not at all | 4236 (39.4) | 18.9 (17.7 to 20.1) | 20.3 (19.5 to 21.2) | 7.9 (7.1 to 8.7) | 39.8 (38.3 to 41.3) | 4.8 (4.2 to 5.5) |
Less than once/week | 1763 (16.4) | 24.8 (22.8 to 26.9) | 11.9 (9.9 to 14.1) | 18.4 (16.6 to 20.2) | 52.1 (49.6 to 54.5) | 8.6 (7.4 to 10.0) |
At least once/week | 4748 (44.2) | 23.7 (22.5 to 24.9) | 5.3 (4.2 to 6.6) | 18.5 (17.4 to 19.6) | 45.5 (44.0 to 47.0) | 6.4 (5.8 to 7.2) |
Almost everyday | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Newspapers and magazines | ||||||
Not at all | 8423 (78.5) | 23.3 (22.4 to 24.3) | 20.8 (19.6 to 22.1) | 15.9 (15.1 to 16.7) | 48.7 (47.5 to 49.8) | 7.2 (6.6 to 7.7) |
Less than once/week | 893 (8.3) | 18.7 (16.2 to 21.3) | 21.8 (20.0 to 23.8) | 12.2 (10.2 to 14.5) | 37.3 (34.2 to 40.6) | 3.4 (2.3 to 4.7) |
At least once/week | 1409 (13.1) | 15.4 (13.5 to 17.3) | 13.3 (12.4 to 14.3) | 5.8 (4.6 to 7.1) | 23.6 (21.4 to 25.9) | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.4) |
Almost everyday | – | – | – | – | – | |
Television | ||||||
Not at all | 4790 (44.6) | 19.8 (18.7 to 21.0) | 16.5 (15.5 to 17.6) | 22.3 (21.1 to 23.5) | 47.1 (45.6 to 48.6) | 7.5 (6.8 to 8.3) |
Less than once/week | 1017 (9.5) | 26.0 (23.4 to 28.8) | 25.3 (22.7 to 28.1) | 16.9 (14.7 to 19.3) | 54.4 (51.2 to 57.6) | 9.3 (7.6 to 11.1) |
At least once/week | 4929 (45.9) | 23.2 (22.1 to 24.4) | 17.3 (16.2 to 18.3) | 6.0 (5.3 to 6.6) | 39.7 (38.3 to 41.1) | 4.2 (3.7 to 4.8) |
Almost everyday | – | – | – | – | – |
aSome percentage totals do not equal 100 because of missing data.