Table 2. Appointment Wait Times.

Characteristic	BCBS	P value	Medicare	P valuea	Medicaid	P valuea
First available appointment for any clinician, median calendar days (IQR)b
Comparison with BCBS
All clinics	7 (2-22)	NA	7 (2-25)	>.99	13 (4-33)	.002
PE-owned clinics	6 (1-26)		5 (1-24)	.98	20 (2-38)	.02
Control clinics	7 (2-21)		7 (2-25)	.96	11 (5-30)	.06
Comparison between PE-owned and control clinics
PE-owned clinics	6 (1-26)	.67	5 (1-24)	.42	20 (2-38)	.51
Control clinics	7 (2-21)		7 (2-25)		11 (5-30)
First available appointment for MD/DO clinician, median (IQR)
Comparison with BCBS
All clinics	13 (4-34)	NA	13 (4-33)	.95	22 (7-43)	.007
PE-owned clinics	10 (4-30)		10 (3-33)	.92	22 (7-43)	.049
Control clinics	14 (5-34)		14 (5-34)	.98	22 (8-42)	.06
Comparison between PE-owned and control clinics
PE-owned clinics	10 (4-30)	.53	10 (3-33)	.57	22 (7-43)	.64
Control clinics	14 (5-34)		14 (5-34)		22 (8-42)

Abbreviations: BCBS, Blue Cross Blue Shield; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; PE, private equity.

^aFor pairwise comparisons between the 3 payment types, the Bonferroni-corrected P value threshold for statistical significance is 0.05/3 = 0.017.

^bDay 1 was the next day after the call was placed.