Table 2.
Outcomes
| Before COVID N = 152 | After COVID N = 152 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | |||
| Shortness of breath* | |||
| Among all patients (N = 152) | |||
| General shortness of breath | 0 (0–1) | 3 (0–5) | < 0.001 |
| Intensity of shortness of breath | 0 (0–0) | 2 (0–4) | < 0.001 |
| Frequency of shortness of breath | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–3) | < 0.001 |
| Duration of shortness of breath | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–2) | < 0.001 |
| Among those with shortness of breath before COVID-19 (N = 47) | |||
| General shortness of breath | 2 (1–5) | 4 (2–6) | 0.016 |
| Intensity of shortness of breath | 2 (0–3) | 3 (2–5) | 0.008 |
| Frequency of shortness of breath | 1 (0–3) | 3 (1–5) | 0.001 |
| Duration of shortness of breath | 1 (0–3) | 2 (1–5) | 0.002 |
| Among those with asthma or COPD (N = 35) | |||
| General shortness of breath | 1 (0–4) | 4 (2–7) | < 0.001 |
| Intensity of shortness of breath | 0 (0–3) | 3 (0–5) | 0.010 |
| Frequency of shortness of breath | 0 (0–2) | 2 (1–5) | 0.001 |
| Duration of shortness of breath | 0 (0–2) | 2 (0–5) | < 0.001 |
| Global health | |||
| In general, would you say your health is… | 4 (3–5) | 3 (2–4) | < 0.001 |
| Please rate how well you carry out your usual social activities and roles. | 5 (4–5) | 3 (2–4) | < 0.001 |
| Physical health | |||
| Physical health T score† | 54.3 (9.3) | 43.8 (9.2) | < 0.001 |
| Physical health items | |||
| How would you rate your physical health? | 4 (3–4) | 3 (2–3) | |
| To what extent are you able to carry out every day physical activities (i.e., walking, climbing stairs, carrying groceries, or moving a chair?) | 5 (4–5) | 3 (2–4) | |
| How would you rate your pain on average? | 5 (4–5) | 4 (3–5) | |
| How would you rate your fatigue on average? | 4 (4–5) | 3 (3–4) | |
| Mental health T score† | 54.8 (7.8) | 47.3 (9.3) | < 0.001 |
| Mental health items | |||
| Would you say your quality of life is… | 4 (3–5) | 3 (2–4) | |
| How would you rate your mental health, including your mood and your ability to think? | 4 (3–5) | 3 (3–4) | |
| How would you rate your satisfaction with your social activities & relationships? | 4 (4–5) | 3 (3–4) | |
| How often have you been bothered by emotional problems such as feeling anxious, depressed or irritable? | 4 (4–5) | 4 (3–5) | |
*Shortness of breath items use a 0–10 numeric rating scale (where 0 represents no shortness of breath and 10 represents the worst possible shortness of breath). If the participant has no shortness of breath, the instrument stops after the first item and the subsequent three items are assigned a score of 0. All other survey items are scored on a five-point scale, where higher scores indicate better health
†Summary scores are converted normed t scores, where a score of 50 (10) represents the mean (standard deviation) for the US general population