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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Hyperthermia. 2020 Dec;37(3):18–33. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1802519

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Proposed mechanisms and targets of NP-ISVs in the tumor microenvironment. Typically, the antigen presenting cells (APC) can be targeted with NP-ISVs to deliver antigens, or activate pattern recognition and toll-like receptors, and CD40s. Tumor cells can also be induced to generate DAMPs and release tumor antigents with energy depositing devices for NP-ISV antigen capture. The resultant APC activation and production of tumor recognizing T-cells that leave the draining lymph nodes can attack tumor cells anywhere in the patient. The activated T-cells can also synergize with CBTs to improve therapeutic outcomes.