Table 3. Course of patients in observation and intervention phases.
| Clinical or treatment variable | All N = 2,101 |
Observation N = 978 (46%) |
Intervention N = 1,123 (53%) |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renal function at enrollment | ||||
| CKD1 | 197 (9.4%) | 80 (8.2%) | 117 (10.4%) | 0.085 |
| With proteinuria | 66 (3.9%) | 39 (5.1%) | 27 (2.9%) | 0.023 |
| AKD | 1,199 (57.1%) | 552 (56.4%) | 647 (57.6%) | 0.596 |
| Based on sCr alone | 789 (65.8%) | 338 (61.2%) | 451 (69.7%) | <0.001 |
| Based on sCr and proteinuria | 218 (18.2%) | 95 (17.2%) | 123 (19.0%) | |
| Based on proteinuria alone | 192 (16.0%) | 119 (21.6%) | 73 (11.3%) | |
| NKD | 705 (33.6%) | 346 (35.4%) | 359 (32.0%) | 0.105 |
| Renal function at 7 days | ||||
| No AKI | 1,473 (70.1%) | 738 (75.5%) | 735 (65.4%) | <0.001 |
| CKD | 106 (53.8%) | 50 (62.5%) | 56 (47.9%) | 0.058 |
| AKD | 760 (63.4%) | 375 (67.9%) | 385 (59.5%) | 0.003 |
| NKD | 607 (86.1%) | 313 (90.5%) | 294 (81.9%) | 0.001 |
| AKI | 628 (29.9%) | 240 (24.5%) | 388 (34.6%) | <0.001 |
| Stage 1 | 252 (40.1%) | 91 (37.9%) | 161 (41.5%) | 0.403 |
| Stage 2 | 138 (22.0%) | 46 (19.2%) | 92 (23.7%) | 0.198 |
| Stage 3 | 238 (37.9%) | 103 (42.9%) | 135 (34.8%) | 0.043 |
| Severe AKI (stage2/3) | 376 (59.9%) | 149 (62.1%) | 227 (58.5%) | 0.403 |
| Disposition | ||||
| Sent home | 975 (46.4%) | 400 (40.9%) | 575 (51.2%) | <0.001 |
| Admitted | 1,126 (53.6%) | 578 (59.1%) | 548 (48.8%) | |
| NKD | 208 (18.5%) | 125 (21.6%) | 83 (15.1%) | 0.006 |
| AKI | 518 (46.0%) | 211 (36.5%) | 307 (56.0%) | <0.001 |
| AKD | 351 (31.2%) | 208 (36.0%) | 143 (26.1%) | <0.001 |
| CKD | 49 (4.4%) | 34 (5.9%) | 15 (2.7%) | 0.012 |
| Time (hours) in healthcare facility2 | 28.69 (4.25–120.00) | 27.00 (3.52–120.78) | 31.00 (4.85–118.00) | 0.243 |
| Sent home | 3.80 (1.00–6.07) | 1.56 (0.21–5.53) | 4.00 (2.00–6.48) | <0.001 |
| Admitted | 96.00 (46.70–167.13) | 95.05 (29.08–177.35) | 97.75 (49.92–158.95) | 0.167 |
| Dialysis requirement | ||||
| Dialysis indication | 130 (6.2%) | 54 (5.5%) | 76 (6.8%) | 0.276 |
| Dialyzed | 63 (3.0%) | 32 (3.3%) | 31 (2.8%) | 0.523 |
| AKD | 14 (22.2%) | 11 (34.4%) | 3 (9.7%) | 0.027 |
| AKI | 43 (68.3%) | 20 (62.5%) | 23 (74.2%) | |
| CKD | 6 (9.5%) | 1 (3.1%) | 5 (16.1%) | |
| Dialysis indication, but not dialyzed | 67 (3.2%) | 22 (2.2%) | 45 (4.0%) | 0.025 |
| AKD | 31 (46.3%) | 11 (50.0%) | 20 (44.4%) | 0.768 |
| AKI | 21 (31.3%) | 5 (22.7%) | 16 (35.6%) | |
| CKD | 12 (17.9%) | 5 (22.7%) | 7 (15.6%) | |
| NKD | 3 (4.5%) | 1 (4.5%) | 2 (4.4%) | |
Data are shown as n (%) or median (IQR). p-Values refer to the difference between the observation and intervention phases.
1Compares the proportion of CKD patients between the observation and intervention phases.
2p-Values associated with time in healthcare facility (all, sent home, and admitted) are based on Mann–Whitney U test.
AKD, acute kidney disease; AKI, acute kidney injury; CKD, chronic kidney disease; sCr, serum creatinine.