Table 4.

Summary of content validity evidence strength by level, domain, and category

Level	Domain	Domain relevance	Age appropriateness	Measurement appropriateness	Domain representation
1	Mand	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Moderate
	Tact	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Moderate
	Listener responding	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Moderate
	Visual perceptual skills & matching-to-sample	Moderate	Strong	Moderate	Limited
	Independent play	Moderate	Moderate	Limited	Limited
	Social behavior & social play	Moderate	Moderate	Limited	Moderate
	Motor imitation	Moderate	Strong	Strong	Strong
	Echoic	Moderate	Strong	Strong	Moderate
	Spontaneous vocal behavior	Moderate	Strong	Strong	Moderate
2	Mand	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Moderate
	Tact	Strong	Strong	Strong	Moderate
	Listener Responding	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Limited
	Visual perceptual skills & matching-to-sample	Moderate	Moderate	Strong	Strong
	Independent play	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Moderate
	Social behavior & social play	Moderate	Moderate	Limited	Limited
	Motor imitation	Strong	Strong	Strong	Limited
	Echoic	Limited	Strong	Strong	Moderate
	Listener responding by function, feature, & class	Moderate	Moderate	Strong	Limited
	Intraverbal	Strong	Strong	Strong	Moderate
	Classroom routines & group skills	Limited	Limited	Moderate	Moderate
	Linguistic structure	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Limited
3	Mand	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Strong
	Tact	Strong	Strong	Strong	Moderate
	Listener responding	Moderate	Strong	Strong	Strong
	Visual perceptual skills & matching-to-sample	Limited	Limited	Moderate	Moderate
	Independent play	Strong	Strong	Strong	Strong
	Social behavior & social play	Strong	Strong	Moderate	Limited
	Reading	Moderate	Moderate	Strong	Moderate
	Writing	Moderate	Limited	Strong	Limited
	Listener responding by function, feature, & class	Strong	Strong	Strong	Moderate
	Intraverbal	Moderate	Strong	Moderate	Limited
	Classroom routines & group skills	Moderate	Strong	Strong	Limited
	Linguistic structure	Moderate	Strong	Moderate	Strong
	Math	Moderate	Moderate	Strong	Moderate
N/A	EESA	Moderate	Strong	Moderate	Strong
N/A	Barriers	Strong	N/A	Moderate	Limited

Shading used to aid in readability. EESA = Early Echoic Skills Assessment. Limited Evidence = Fewer than half of SMEs rated the items at highest response category (e.g., Essential, Very Appropriate, Adequate), on average; Moderate Evidence = Between than 50% and 68.9% of SMEs rated the items at highest response category (e.g., Essential, Very Appropriate, Adequate), on average; Strong Evidence = 69% or more of SMEs rated the items at highest response category (e.g., Essential, Very Appropriate, Adequate), on average. Neither EESA nor Barriers Assessment were specific to any level from the VB-MAPP Milestones