Table 6. Results of the binary logistic regression analysis to evaluate the risk factors for psychological impact outcomes.
COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; SE: standard error; aOR: adjusted odds ratio
| Dependent variable | Independent variable | Beta (β) coefficient | SE | Exp(β)/aOR | 95% confidence interval | P-value |
| Anxiety | Age | -0.656 | 0.384 | 0.519 | 0.245-1.100 | 0.087 |
| Gender (female/male) | 0.774 | 0.515 | 2.168 | 0.789-5.954 | 0.133 | |
| Living with family (yes/no) | 1.016 | 0.504 | 2.761 | 1.028-7.413 | 0.044 | |
| Comorbidities (yes/no) | -2.183 | 0.842 | 0.113 | 0.022-0.588 | 0.010 | |
| Stress (present/absent) | 2.417 | 0.723 | 11.216 | 2.718-46.273 | 0.001 | |
| Depression (present/absent) | 2.966 | 0.626 | 19.412 | 5.690-66.223 | 0.000 | |
| Stressors (number) | 0.304 | 0.074 | 1.355 | 1.173-1.565 | 0.000 | |
| Coping approach type (score) | -0.062 | 0.028 | 0.940 | 0.889-0.993 | 0.028 | |
| Depression | Doctor (yes/no) | 0.008 | 0.006 | 1.008 | 0.997-1.020 | 0.164 |
| Stress (present/absent) | 2.292 | 0.660 | 9.890 | 2.710-36.091 | 0.001 | |
| Stressors (number) | -0.144 | 0.082 | 0.866 | 0.738-1.017 | 0.079 | |
| Coping approach type (score) | 0.068 | 0.029 | 1.070 | 1.010-1.134 | 0.021 | |
| Anxiety (present/absent) | 2.852 | 0.602 | 17.324 | 5.320-56.418 | 0.000 | |
| Stress | Married (yes/no) | -1.866 | 0.939 | 3.949 | 0.025-0.975 | 0.047 |
| Living with family (yes/no) | 1.239 | 0.942 | 1.731 | 0.545-21.890 | 0.188 | |
| Doctor (yes/no) | -0.024 | 0.008 | 8.928 | 0.961-0.992 | 0.003 | |
| COVID-19 healthcare worker (yes/no) | 0.612 | 0.217 | 1.84 | 1.206-2.820 | 0.005 | |
| Insomnia (present/absent) | 1.288 | 0.759 | 2.881 | 0.819-16.052 | 0.090 | |
| Coping approach type (score) | 0.088 | 0.039 | 5.104 | 1.012-1.178 | 0.024 | |
| Anxiety (present/absent) | 2.395 | 0.747 | 10.292 | 2.539-47.410 | 0.001 | |
| Depression (present/absent) | 2.159 | 0.745 | 8.395 | 2.011-37.342 | 0.004 | |
| Insomnia | Age | -0.810 | 0.534 | 0.445 | 0.156-1.266 | 0.129 |
| Married (yes/no) | 1.193 | 0.712 | 3.297 | 0.816-13.312 | 0.094 | |
| Doctor (yes/no) | -0.012 | 0.007 | 0.988 | 0.975-1.002 | 0.093 | |
| Stressors (number) | -0.189 | 0.108 | 0.827 | 0.670-1.022 | 0.079 | |
| Coping avoidant type (score) | 0.133 | 0.055 | 1.143 | 1.026-1.273 | 0.015 | |
| Coping approach type (score) | -0.057 | 0.043 | 0.945 | 0.868-1.028 | 0.187 | |
| Anxiety (present/absent) | 1.333 | 0.767 | 3.793 | 0.844-17.045 | 0.082 | |
| Stress (present/absent) | 1.714 | 0.877 | 5.551 | 0.996-30.945 | 0.051 |