Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Jan 14;11:1305. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80011-y

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

The summarised effects of meldonium pre-treatment on the liver ischemia/reperfusion. Meldonium pre-treatment improves the antioxidative defence through the increased hepatic activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (p-Nrf2) and consequently hepatic haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression, and activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Thereby inhibits oxidative burst, tissue injury and cell necrosis, manifested by decreased expression of serum and liver high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Meldonium also reduces inflammatory cascade, as evident by decreased activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (p-NF-kB p65) by phosphorylation along with decreased haptoglobin (Hp) expression. Simultaneously, meldonium attenuates apoptosis by decreasing the ratio of pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2.