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. 2021 Jan 15;28(18):23482–23500. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12400-3

Table 6.

Results of long-run estimations through DSUR

Variables Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Coefficient t-value P value Coefficient t-value P value Coefficient t-value P value
LnREM 0.9068*** 5.39 0.000 3.7306*** 8.56 0.000 3.8458*** 3.48 0.000
LnFD 1.4003*** 6.15 0.000 3.1813** 2.28 0.023 1.5847*** 5.57 0.000
LnGDP 13.1103*** 8.44 0.000 12.599*** 9.69 0.000 10.869*** 7.13 0.000
LnGDP2 − 0.3654*** − 7.45 0.000 − 0.3540*** − 8.63 0.000 − 0.3029*** − 6.38 0.000
LnENG 0.0060*** 9.91 0.000 0.0073*** 9.50 0.000 0.0069*** 9.91 0.000
LnURP 5.0617*** 15.75 0.000 3.9233*** 12.42 0.000 4.7573*** 15.62 0.000
LnTE − 7.9806*** − 13.11 0.000 6.3459*** 11.30 0.000 9.2328*** 14.63 0.000
LnREM*LnFD − 0.7842*** − 2.82 0.000
LnREM*LnTE − 0.5962*** − 3.43 0.000

Note: ***, **, and * indicate significance level at 1%, 5%, and 10% respectively.