DBM-MSN/152RM scaffolds promote bone regeneration in vivo. (A) Representative micro-CT images of longitudinal sections of femurs (sagittal plane and coronal plane) and cross-sectional view of the femurs 4 and 8 weeks after DBM, DBM-MSN, DBM/152RM and DBM-MSN/152RM scaffold implantation. (n = 5 rats per group). (B) Quantitative micro-CT analysis of the bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone fraction (BV/TV, Tb.N and Tb.Sp) 4 and 8 weeks after DBM, DBM-MSN, DBM/152RM and DBM-MSN/152RM scaffold implantation. (n = 5 rats per group). (C) HE staining images demonstrating bone regeneration 4 weeks after DBM, DBM-MSN, DBM/152RM and DBM-MSN/152RM scaffold implantation (n = 5 rats per group). Scale bar, 100 μm. (D) Masson staining images demonstrating bone regeneration 4 weeks after DBM, DBM-MSN, DBM/152RM and DBM-MSN/152RM scaffold implantation (n = 5 rats per group). Scale bar, 100 μm. Scale bar, 50 μm. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; ANOVA was employed. For all panels in this figure, data are representative of three independent experiments.