Table 3.

Cox regression analyses of independent factors for cardiovascular events.

Variables	Univariate			Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p
XOI	1.87	1.19–2.94	0.007	0.63	0.38–1.06	0.081	0.56	0.33–0.97	0.039	0.48	0.26–0.91	0.023
Age	1.06	1.04–1.08	< 0.001	1.04	1.02–1.06	< 0.001	1.01	0.98–1.03	0.692	0.98	0.96–1.01	0.280
Sex	2.08	1.32–3.26	0.002	1.91	1.21–2.99	0.005	1.77	0.92–3.42	0.087	1.85	0.86–4.00	0.115
eGFR (mL/min./1.73 m2)	0.96	0.95–0.97	< 0.001	0.97	0.96–0.98	< 0.001	0.96	0.94–0.97	< 0.001	0.96	0.94–0.97	< 0.001
Cardiovascular disease	8.50	5.35–13.48	< 0.001	5.38	3.28–8.83	< 0.001	6.74	3.77–12.1	< 0.001	9.38	4.46–19.7	< 0.001
Diabetes	2.20	1.40–3.44	0.001	2.08	1.33–3.27	0.001	1.56	0.93–2.63	0.094	2.05	1.03–3.94	0.032
Smoking status
Never	ref			ref			ref			ref
Past	2.48	1.53–4.02	< 0.001	1.59	0.87–2.90	0.133	1.30	0.70–2.43	0.402	1.45	0.71–2.98	0.312
Current	1.19	0.56–2.53	0.655	1.30	0.57–2.97	0.533	1.31	0.56–3.04	0.530	1.74	0.70–4.31	0.235
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	1.01	1.00–1.02	0.246	1.01	1.00–1.02	0.181	1.01	1.00–1.02	0.086	1.01	1.00–1.03	0.084
Serum uric acid (mg/dL)	1.25	1.08–1.44	0.003	0.96	0.81–1.13	0.598	0.93	0.78–1.11	0.430	0.84	0.68–1.03	0.096
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2	1.45	0.93–2.26	0.102	1.20	0.77–1.88	0.423				1.61	0.88–2.95	0.120
Proteinuria (g/gCr)	1.10	0.97–1.25	0.141	0.99	0.83–1.18	0.890				0.94	0.76–1.15	0.518
Diuretics	3.06	2.00–4.68	< 0.001	1.87	1.20–2.90	0.005				1.72	0.97–3.07	0.064

Model 1; adjusted for age, sex, and eGFR. Model 2; adjusted for age, sex, eGFR, history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and serum uric acid. Model 3; adjusted for age, sex, eGFR, history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, serum uric acid, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m², proteinuria (g/gCr), and use of diuretics.

XOI xanthine oxidase inhibitor, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, BMI body mass index, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval.