Table 5.
The Uv-vis absorption spectroscopic analysis and calculated/expected of the energy band gap for the biosynthesized α-HNPs.
| Plant name/part | Uv-vis (nm) | Calculated Eg (eV) | Expected Eg (eV) | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arisaema amurense root | 570 | – | 2.18 | [2] |
| Rhus punjabensis | 283 | 1.85–1.90 | 4.38 | [30] |
| Guava (Psidium guajava) leaves | 347, 543, 652 & 849 | 1.56–1.71 | 1.46–3.57 | [32] |
| Amaranthus dubius leaf | 214 at pH 4 300 at pH 9 |
– – |
5.79 at pH 4 4.13 at pH 4 |
[35] |
| Lantana camara leaf | 370 | – | 3.35 | [36] |
| Terminalia bellirica; Moringa oleifera fruit & Moringa oleifera leaves | 300 & 400 | – | 3.10–4.13 | [37] |
| Skimmia Laureola leaf | 318 | – | 3.90 | [38] |
| Henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaf | 220–224 | – | 5.54–5.64 | [40] |
| Pistachio leaf (Pistacia vera L) | 480 | – | 2.58 | [41] |
| Garlic extract | 450 | – | 2.76 | [45] |
| Rheum emodi root | 270 & 320 | – | 3.88–4.59 | [46] |
| Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves | 290-310 & 485-550 | – | 2.25–4.28 | [66] |
| Mandarin peels “Citrus reticulum” | 384 | 2.38 | 3.23 | [98] |
| Ailanthus excelsa leaves | 450 | – | 2.76 | [109] |
| Curcuma | 561, 442 & 272 | 2.2 | 2.21–4.56 | [128] |
| Tea leaves | 551, 430 & 272 | 2.25 | 2.25–4.56 | [128] |
| Azadirachta indica leaf | 565 | 2.19 | 2.19 | [130] |
| Pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds | 371.71 | – | 3.34 | [133] |
| Laurus nobilis L. | 285 | – | 4.35 | [134] |