Table 1.
Arbovirus | Main vector(s)a | Main reservoir(s) | Endemic region(s) |
---|---|---|---|
Dengue virus | Aedes | Primates, humans | Africa, Asia, South America, Pacific |
West Nile virus | Culex | Birds | Europe, North America, Africa, Asia |
Yellow fever virus | Aedes | Primates, humans | Africa, South America |
Japanese encephalitis virus | Culex | Birds, pigs | Asia |
St. Louis encephalitis virus | Culex | Birds | Americas |
Chikungunya virus | Aedes | Primates, bats, rodents | Africa, Asia |
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus | Culex, Aedes | Rodents | Americas |
Ross River virus | Culex, Aedes | Mosquitoes | Australia, New Zealand |
Eastern equine encephalitis virus | Culex, Aedes | Birds, rodents | Americas |
Western equine encephalitis virus | Culex | Birds | Americas |
O’nyong-nyong virus | Anopheles | Mosquitoesb | East Africa |
Rift Valley fever virus | Culex, Aedes | Sheep, cattle | Africa, Asia |
Murray Valley encephalitis virus | Culex | Birds | Australia, New Guinea |
Orungo virus | Anopheles, Aedes | Mosquitoesb | Africa |
La Crosse encephalitis virus | Aedes | Squirrels, chipmunks | North America |
Sindbis virus | Culex | Birds | Europe, Africa, Asia |
Vesicular stomatitis virus | Widespreadc | Widespreadc | Americas |
Only the genus of each main vector is listed.
Other reservoirs may exist.
More than three vectors or reservoirs have been identified.