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. 2021 Jan 6;9(1):8–23. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i1.8

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©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Pathogenesis. 1: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targets the viral structural S protein that binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor; 2: The host cell, type 2 transmembrane serine protease, promotes viral uptake by cleaving ACE2 and activating the S protein. SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; TMPRSS2: Type 2 transmembrane serine protease.