Table 4.
Multivariable logistic regressions for CPAP-non-adherence and Residual Excessive Sleepiness as variables-of-interest, summary of significant explanatory-variables including side-effects
| CPAP-non-adherence (< 4 h/day) | Residual Excessive Sleepiness (ESS ≥ 11) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
| OR [95% CI] | p-value | OR [95% CI] | p-value | OR [95% CI] | p-value | OR [95% CI] | p-value | OR [95% CI] | p-value | |
| Age (years) | 0.98 [0.96; 0.99] | 0.008 | 0.98 [0.96; 0.99] | 0.008 | ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.95 [0.91; 0.99] | 0.008 | 0.95 [0.92; 0.99] | 0.008 | ||||||
| Problems of anxiety/depression | 1.87 [1.25; 2.81] | 0.002 | 1.92 [1.27; 2.88] | 0.002 | 1.92 [1.27; 2.88] | 0.002 | ||||
| EQ-5D-3L health VAS (0–100 score) | 0.98 [0.97; 0.99] | < 0.001 | 0.98 [0.97; 0.99] | < 0.001 | 0.98 [0.97; 0.99] | < 0.001 | ||||
| 90th/95th Pressure (cmH2O) | 0.90 [0.81; 0.99] | 0.028 | 0.90 [0.81; 0.99] | 0.025 | ||||||
| Oronasal Mask | 1.33 [0.79; 2.23] | 0.80 | 0.74 [0.48; 1.16] | 0.269 | 0.74 [0.48; 1.16] | 0.269 | ||||
| Nasal Pillows Mask | 1.55 [0.88; 2.73] | 0.274 | 0.90 [0.53; 1.54] | 0.846 | 0.91 [0.53; 1.54] | 0.847 | ||||
| Chinstrap | 7.22 [1.08; 48.4] | 0.0417 | 7.27 [1.09; 48.55] | 0.0406 | 7.27 [1.09; 48.5] | 0.040 | ||||
| Mask availability since 2013 | 2.42 [1.56; 3.74] | < 0.001 | 2.28 [1.45; 3.59] | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Dry mouth (0–10 VAS score) | 1.10 [1.03; 1.17] | 0.003 | 1.10 [1.03; 1.17] | 0.004 | ||||||
| Patient-reported leaks (0–10 VAS score) | 1.10 [1.03; 1.19] | 0.009 | 1.11 [1.03; 1.19] | 0.007 | 1.11 [1.03; 1.20] | 0.007 | ||||
| Partner-disturbing leaks (0–10 VAS score) | 0.86 [0.82; 0.93] | < 0.001 | 0.86 [0.80; 0.92] | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Noisy mask (0–10 VAS score) | 1.16 [1.07; 1.25] | < 0.001 | 1.16 [1.07; 1.26] | < 0.001 | 1.16 [1.07; 1.26] | < 0.001 | ||||
| Dry nose (0–10 VAS score) | 1.13 [1.06; 1.20] | < 0.001 | 1.13 [1.06; 1.20] | < 0.001 | 1.13 [1.06; 1.20] | < 0.001 | ||||
| Harness pain (0–10 VAS score) | 0.89 [0.79; 1.00] | 0.044 | 0.89 [0.79; 1.00] | 0.002 | 0.89 [0.79; 1.00] | 0.043 | ||||
AHI: Apnea–Hypopnea Index; AHIflow: AHI reported by device; BMI: body mass index; CPAP: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale. Note that for model 1, explanatory-variables (exhaustively listed in Table 3) with a p-value < 0.15 at the univariate level were fed into multivariable analyses using stepwise selection. A backward elimination was then applied and only explanatory-variables with a p value < 0.05 at the multivariable level remain in the definitive models. For model 2, the same proceeding as model 1 was applied and the “mask-type” explanatory variable was forced (with “nasal” as the reference mask type). For model 3, the same procedure as model 2 was applied, but the interaction terms between CPAP-usage and significant MRSEs from model 2 were added and a backward elimination applied excepted for the “mask-type” variable which remains forced. Note that no interaction term between CPAP-usage and MRSE variables remained significant in the final model 3