Table 1 |.

Single-agent inhibitors in clinical development

Drug	Biomarker	Disease setting	Study phase	ClinicalTrials.gov registration
KRAS-G12C inhibitors
AMG 510	KRASG12C mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I/II	NCT03600883
MRTX849	KRASG12C mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I/II	NCT03785249
JNJ-74699157 (ARS-3248)	KRASG12C mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I	NCT04006301
LY3499446	KRASG12C mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I/II	NCT04165031
SOS inhibitors
BI-1701963	KRAS mutations	Advanced or metastatic solid tumours	I	NCT04111458
SHP2 inhibitors
RMC-4630	Mutations that hyperactivate the MAPK pathway	Relapsed or refractory solid tumours	I	NCT03634982
TNO155	EGFR or KRASG12C mutations	Advanced solid tumours	I	NCT03114319
Farnesyltransferase inhibitors
Tipifarnib	HRAS mutations	Thyroid cancer, squamous head and neck cancer and squamous cell carcinoma	II	NCT02383927
RAF inhibitors
Belvarafenib (HM95573)	BRAF, KRAS or NRAS mutations	Advanced solid tumours	I	NCT03118817
LXH-254	MAPK pathway mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I	NCT02607813
MEK inhibitors
Binimetinib (MEK162)	NRAS mutation	Unresectable or metastatic melanoma	III	NCT01763164
ERK inhibitors
KO-947	BRAF, KRAS, NRAS or HRAS mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I	NCT03051035
LY-3214996	BRAF or NRAS mutations	Metastatic melanoma and NSCLC	I	NCT02857270
Adoptive cell therapies
Anti-RAS-G12D mTCR	HLA-A11:01 RASG12D mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I/II	NCT03745326
Anti-RAS-G12V mTCR	HLA-A11:01 RASG12V mutation	Advanced solid tumours	I/II	NCT03190941
Cancer vaccines
mRNA-5671	HLA-A11:01 and/or HLA-C08:02; KRASG12C, KRASG12D, KRASG12V or KRASG13D mutation	NSCLC, non-MSI-H CRC, PDAC	I	NCT03948763

CRC, colorectal cancer; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; MSI-H, microsatellite instability-high; mTCR, murine T cell receptor; NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; SOS, Son of Sevenless.