Table 1.

Participant characteristics, overall and by metabolic syndrome status (n=350)

Characteristic	Total sample n = 350	No Metabolic Syndrome n = 182	Metabolic Syndrome n = 168	p-value
Age, mean (SD), year	64.2 ± 3.3	63.6 ± 3.3	64.4 ± 3.6	0.051
Women, n (%)	252 (72.0%)	128 (70.3%)	124 (73.8%)	0.469
Ethnicity, n (%)
Dominican	300 (85.7%)	157 (86.3%)	143 (85.1%)	0.875
Other Caribbean Hispanic	21 (6.0%)	12 (6.6%)	9 (5.4%)
South American	18 (5.1%)	11 (6.0%)	7 (4.2%)
Unspecified Hispanic	7 (2.0%)	4 (2.2%)	3 (1.8%)
Central American	4 (1.1%)	2 (1.1%)	2 (1.2%)
Education, mean (SD), y	10.5 ± 3.9	10.7 ± 3.6	10.1 ± 3.8	0.19
Medication Use, n (%)
Diabetes	85 (24.3%)	14 (7.7%)	71 (42.3%)	<0.0001
Metformin	73 (20.9%)	14 (7.7%)	59 (35.1%)	<0.0001
Sulfonylurea	20 (5.7%)	2 (1.1%)	18 (10.7%)
DPP-4i	16 (4.6%)	1 (0.5%)	15 (8.9%)
PPAR	6 (1.7%)	2 (1.1%)	4 (2.4%)
GLP-1a	4 (1.1%)	0 (0.0%)	4 (2.4%)
SGLT2i	2 (0.6%)	1 (0.5%)	1 (0.6%)
Blood pressure	151 (43.1%)	57 (31.3%)	94 (56.0%)	<0.0001
Lipid-lowering	131 (37.4%)	57 (31.3%)	74 (44.0%)	0.014
APOE-ε4, n (%)	124 (35.4%)	71 (39.0%)	53 (31.5%)	0.144
Fasting glucose, mean (SD), mmol/L	6.1 ± 2.3	5.3 ± 1.3	6.8 ± 2.8	<0.0001
Waist circumference, mean (SD), cm	96.4 ± 11.3	91.7 ± 9.5	101.3 ± 9.6	<0.0001
Triglycerides, mean (SD), mmol/L	6.5 ± 3.4	5.2 ± 2.6	7.8 ± 3.5	<0.0001
High density lipoprotein, mean (SD), mmol/L	3.0 ± 0.8	3.4 ± 0.8	2.6 ± 0.6	<0.0001
Low density lipoprotein, mean (SD), mmol/L	6.1 ± 1.9	6.3 ± 1.8	6.0 ± 2.1	0.212
Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg	134.2 ± 17.8	133.4 ± 18.3	136.7 ± 17.1	0.139
Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg	82.7 ± 10.2	83.3 ± 11.2	83.5 ± 9.4	0.907

Note: SD = Standard deviation