Table 1.

The antiviral activities of LMN or LMN containing plants.

Sources	Inhibitory concentration (IC 50)	Virus	Mechanisms	Ref.
LMN	5.9 μg/ml	Simplex virus type 1 using RC-37 cells	Plaque reduction	[30]
Cleopatra mandarin	2.45	Avian influenza A	Plaque reduction assay	[85]
Heterotheca latifolia	>150, 90 and >250	HSV-1, JUNV and DENV-2	Plaque reduction assay (Vero cells)	[123]
Lippia junelliana	>150, 20 and >250	HSV-1, JUNV and DENV-2	Plaque reduction assay (Vero cells)	[123]
Lippia turbinate	>150, 14 and >250	HSV-1, JUNV and DENV-2	Plaque reduction assay (Vero cells)	[123]
Aloysia triphylla	>250	DENV-2, JUNV and HSV-1	Plaque reduction assay (Vero cells)	[87]
Gaillardia megapotamica	140.6, 49.8, and 99.1	DENV-2, JUNV and HSV-1	Plaque reduction assay	[87]
Pectis odorata	39.6, 36.6, and 71.5	DENV-2, JUNV and HSV-1	Plaque reduction assay	[87]
Lippia alba	100	Yellow fever virus	Plaque reduction assay	[124]
Citrus bergamia	100% inhibition at 0.3%	Influenza virus type A H1N1	-	[125]
Citrus limonum	-	Vero cells, HSV-1	Plaque reduction assay	[126]
Juniperus communis	>10000	HSV-1	Plaque reduction assay	[126]
Eucalyptus cinereal	13 μg/ml	Coxsakie virus B3		[127]
Lepechinia salviifolia	68.8, 81.9	HSV-1 and HSV-2	Plaque reduction assay	[128]
Lepechinia vulcanicola	112, 68.9	HSV-1 and HSV-2	Plaque reduction assay	[128]
Lippia alba	10.1, 0.4, 32.6, 21.1, 4.9	DENV-1, 2, 3, 4, YFV 17 DD	Plaque reduction assay (Vero cells)	[129]
Lippia citriodora Kunth	19.4 μg/ml	Yellow fever virus	Plaque reduction assay (Vero cells)	[129]
Lippia alba	4.3 and 15.2	Yellow fever virus	Plaque reduction	[86]
Mentha suaveolens	0.87 μg/ml	Cytopathogenic murine norovirus	Plaque reduction assay	[130]
Trachyspermum ammi	80% reduction at 500 μg/ml	Japanese encephalitis virus	Plaque reduction assay	[131]