Table 6.
Summary of the Included Studies
| Ma Dan et al17 | Deguchi T et al18 | |
|---|---|---|
| Study design | Randomized clinical trial | Prospective study |
| Language | Chinese | English |
| Sample size | 20 adults(12 female and 8 male) Mini-screw:10 Utility arch:10 |
18 (16 female and 2 male) Implant group: 8 J-HG group: 10 |
| Mean Age (years) | Mini-screw group: 22.6 Utility arch group: 21.8 |
J-HG group: 20.7 Implant group: 21.5 |
| Percent of female patients in group | 60% | 89% |
| Intruded teeth | Maxillary incisors | Maxillary incisors |
| Technique used in TAD | Direct | Direct |
| Force duration | Mini-screw: intermittent Utility arch: continuous |
Mini-screw: transient J-HG: intermittent |
| Method of activation | Not mentioned | J-HG: edgewise appliance with stainless steel wire Mini-screw: ligature wire |
| Alignment and leveling | Performed | Not mentioned |
| TAD size | Diameter: 1.6 mm Length: 8 mm |
Diameter: 1.5 mm Length: 6 mm |
| Applied force | Mini-screw: 50g Utility arch: 100g |
Mini-screw: 80 to 120 g J-HG group: 100 g per side for more than 7 hours per day. |
| Location of TAD | Between the maxillary lateral and canine | Premaxillary region between the central and lateral incisors |
| Treatment duration | Mini-screw: 4 to 9 months Utility arch: 4 to 10 months |
7 months |
| Rate of activation | Monthly | Monthly |
| Loading | After 2 weeks | After 1 month of healing |
| Technique safety (root resorption, periodontal problems) | Root resorption: Not assessed Periodontal tissues: No significant difference in periodontal supporting tissues between the 2 groups |
Root resorption: significantly more external apical root resorption in the headgear group Periodontal tissues: Not assessed |
| Intrusion calculation method | Comparing pre- and post-intrusion 1) Cephalometric X-ray observing: U1-PP & U1-Stm 2) Measuring overbite in mm |
Comparing pre- and post-intrusion 1) Cephalometric X-ray observing: U1-PP & U1-SN & U1-upper lip 2) Measuring overbite in mm |
| Amount of obtained intrusion calculated in both studies | Mini-screw group: U1-PP = 3.4 ± 1.17 mm Overbite = −4.1 ± 0.88 Utility arch group: U1-PP = 2.95 ± 0.78 mm Overbite = −3.76 ± 0.78 |
Mini-screw group: U1-PP = 3.6 ± 1.7 Overbite = −4.5 ± 1.7 J-HG group: U1-PP = −1.1 ± 1.6 Overbite = −3.4 ± 1.0 |
| Classification of malocclusion | Class I malocclusion with deep OB | Not specified (deep bite malocclusion) |
| Deep bite selection criteria | Patients with incompetent lip, class III deep bite | Patients with excessive display of maxillary incisors and high mandibular plane angle (gummy smile) |