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. 2021 Jan 15;11:1539. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-80974-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Overexpression of βArr1 or βArr2 and decreased cell invasion in MDA-MB-468. The invasion was significantly reduced in βArr1- or βArr2-cDNA transfected MDA-MB-468 cells. (A) Invasion of C (control-cDNA)-, βArr1- or βArr2-cDNA transfected MDA-MB-468 cells was monitored continuously using an xCelligence Real-Time Cell Analyzer in Matrigel coated CIM-plates. The cells were seeded in the upper chamber of the plates and cell invasion dependent changes in impedance were recorded at 40 h. Y axis shows changes in impedance as a measurement of extent of cell invasion. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean; n = 4–5; ^* = p < 0.05 versus C-cDNA. (B) The expression profiles of selected motility and invasion related genes were determined by qRT-PCR experiments and expression of TGFβ2, HER3, IGF1R was significantly downregulated in βArr1-cDNA transfected MDA-MB-468 cells. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (*p < 0.05 versus C-cDNA). (C) In MDA-MB-468, transfection of βArr1 or βArr2-cDNA significantly increased their expression in protein levels, decreased IGF-1R and Snail expression but did not change Cadherin and Vimentin expression.