. 2020 Oct 6;99(12):6606–6618. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.082

Table 7.

The addition of CA affected the mRNA expression levels of TFF2, MUC2, ZO-1, and Claudin-3 in the ileal epithelial cells of 17- and 21-day-old SPF chickens, which had been affected by CP type A infection (as found by RT-qPCR).

Interaction	Treatments	Claudin-3	MUC-2	TFF-2	ZO-1
Day 17	Control	1.00^a,b	1.02^a,b	0.99^a,b	1.00^a,b
	CP	0.95^a,b	0.51^e	0.51^c	0.59^c
	CA	1.00^a,b	1.05^a,b	0.95^a,b	1.05^a
	CA + CP	0.99^a,b	0.92^b,c	0.89^b	1.04^a
	AB	0.99^a,b	0.98^b	0.99^a,b	0.99^a,b
	AB + CP	0.93^b	0.83^c	0.81^b	0.97^a,b
Day 21	Control	0.99^a,b	0.99^b	1.00^a	1.03^a
	CP	0.63^c	0.70^d	0.49^c	0.14^d
	CA	1.03^a	1.11^a	0.95^a,b	0.99^a,b
	CA + CP	0.93^b	0.98^b	0.88^b	1.06^a
	AB	1.02^a	0.98^b	1.01^a	0.99^a,b
	AB + CP	1.00^a,b	0.86^c	0.87^b	0.91^b
SEM		0.03	0.037	0.037	0.04
Stage
Day 17		0.98^a	0.88^b	0.86	0.94^a
Day 21		0.93^b	0.94^a	0.87	0.85^b
SEM		0.012	0.015	0.015	0.016
Treatments
Control		1.00^a	1.00^a,b	1.00^a	1.02^a,b
CP		0.79^b	0.60^d	0.50^c	0.36^c
CA		1.02^a	1.08^a	0.95^a,b	1.02^a,b
CA + CP		0.96^a	0.95^b	0.88^b	1.05^a
AB		1.00^a	0.98^b	1.00^a	0.99^a,b
AB + CP		0.96^a	0.84^c	0.84^b	0.94^b
SEM		0.021	0.026	0.026	0.028
P-values
Stage		0.017	0.021	0.639	0.001
Treatments		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Stage × Treatments		<0.001	0.088	0.910	<0.001

In the same line, the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P > 0.05), and the different letter superscripts mean significant difference (P < 0.05).

Abbreviations: AB, antibiotic group; AB + CP, antibiotic + C. perfringens group; CA, chlorogenic acid group; CA + CP, chlorogenic acid + C. perfringens group; CP, Clostridium perfringens group; SPF, specific-pathogen-free.